A collection of 19 datasets from contemporary astronomical research. They are described the textbook `Modern Statistical Methods for Astronomy with R Applications' by Eric D. Feigelson and G. Jogesh Babu (Cambridge University Press, 2012, Appendix C) or on the website of Penn State's Center for Astrostatistics (http://astrostatistics.psu.edu/datasets). These datasets can be used to exercise methodology involving: density estimation; heteroscedastic measurement errors; contingency tables; two-sample hypothesis tests; spatial point processes; nonlinear regression; mixture models; censoring and truncation; multivariate analysis; classification and clustering; inhomogeneous Poisson processes; periodic and stochastic time series analysis.