TeachingSampling (version 4.1.1)

Pikl: Second Order Inclusion Probabilities for Fixed Size Without Replacement Sampling Designs

Description

Computes the second-order inclusion probabilities of each par of units in the population given a fixed sample size design

Usage

Pikl(N, n, p)

Arguments

N

Population size

n

Sample size

p

A vector containing the selection probabilities of a fixed size without replacement sampling design. The sum of the values of this vector must be one

Value

The function returns a symmetric matrix of size \(N \times N\) containing the second-order inclusion probabilities for each pair of units in the finite population.

Details

The second-order inclusion probability of the \(kl\)th units is defined as the probability that unit \(k\) and unit \(l\) will be both included in a sample; it is denoted by \(\pi_{kl}\) and obtained from a given sampling design as follows: $$\pi_{kl}=\sum_{s\ni k,l}p(s)$$

References

Sarndal, C-E. and Swensson, B. and Wretman, J. (1992), Model Assisted Survey Sampling. Springer. Gutierrez, H. A. (2009), Estrategias de muestreo: Diseno de encuestas y estimacion de parametros. Editorial Universidad Santo Tomas.

See Also

VarHT, Deltakl, Pik

Examples

# NOT RUN {
# Vector U contains the label of a population of size N=5
U <- c("Yves", "Ken", "Erik", "Sharon", "Leslie")
N <- length(U)
# The sample size is n=2
n <- 2
# p is the probability of selection of every sample. 
p <- c(0.13, 0.2, 0.15, 0.1, 0.15, 0.04, 0.02, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08)
# Note that the sum of the elements of this vector is one
sum(p)
# Computation of the second-order inclusion probabilities
Pikl(N, n, p)
# }