gdata (version 2.17.0)

first: Return first or last element of an object

Description

Return first or last element of an object. These functions are convenience wrappers for head(x, n=1, ...) and tail(x, n=1, ...).

Usage

first(x, n=1, ...)
last(x, n=1, ...)

Arguments

x

data object

n

a single integer. If positive, size for the resulting object: number of elements for a vector (including lists), rows for a matrix or data frame or lines for a function. If negative, all but the 'n' last/first number of elements of 'x'.

...

arguments to be passed to or from other methods.

Value

An object (usually) like 'x' but generally smaller.

See Also

head, tail, left, right

Examples

## works for vectors..
v <- 1:10
first(v)
last(v)

## and for lists
l <- list(a=1, b=2, c=3)
first(l)
last(l)

## and data.frames
df <- data.frame(a=1:2, b=3:4, c=5:6)
first(df)
last(df)

## and matrixes
m <- as.matrix(df)
first(m)
last(m)