extras

extras provides helper functions for Bayesian analyses.

In particular it provides functions to summarise vectors of MCMC (Monte Carlo Markov Chain) samples, draw random samples from various distributions and calculate deviance residuals as well as R translations of some BUGS (Bayesian Using Gibbs Sampling), JAGS (Just Another Gibbs Sampler), STAN and TMB (Template Model Builder) functions.

Demonstration

Summarise MCMC Samples

The extras package provides functions to summarise MCMC samples like svalue() which gives the surprisal value (Greenland, 2019)

library(extras)
#> 
#> Attaching package: 'extras'
#> The following object is masked from 'package:stats':
#> 
#>     step

set.seed(1)
x <- rnorm(100)
svalue(rnorm(100))
#> [1] 0.3219281
svalue(rnorm(100, mean = 1))
#> [1] 1.736966
svalue(rnorm(100, mean = 2))
#> [1] 4.058894
svalue(rnorm(100, mean = 3))
#> [1] 5.643856

Distributions

Implemented distributions with functions to draw random samples, calculate log-likelihoods, and calculate deviance residuals for include:

• Bernoulli
• Binomial
• Beta-binomial
• Gamma
• Gamma-Poisson
• Zero-inflated gamma-Poisson
• Log-Normal
• Negative Binomial
• Normal
• Poisson
• Zero-inflated Poisson
• Skew Normal
• Student’s t

R translations

The package also provides R translations of BUGS (and JAGS) functions such as pow() and log<-.

pow(10, 2)
#> [1] 100

mu <- NULL
log(mu) <- 1
mu
#> [1] 2.718282

Numericise R Objects

Atomic vectors, matrices, arrays and data.frames of appropriate classes can be converted to numeric objects suitable for Bayesian analysis using the numericise() (and numericize()) function.

numericise(
  data.frame(
    logical = c(TRUE, FALSE),
    factor = factor(c("blue", "green")),
    Date = as.Date(c("2000-01-01", "2000-01-02")),
    hms = hms::as_hms(c("00:00:02", "00:01:01"))
  )
)
#>      logical factor  Date hms
#> [1,]       1      1 10957   2
#> [2,]       0      2 10958  61

Installation

Information

For more information see the Get Started vignette.

Installation

Release

To install the release version from CRAN.

install.packages("extras")

The website for the release version is at https://poissonconsulting.github.io/extras/.

Development

To install the development version from GitHub

# install.packages("remotes")
remotes::install_github("poissonconsulting/extras")

or from r-universe.

install.packages("extras", repos = c("https://poissonconsulting.r-universe.dev", "https://cloud.r-project.org"))

References

Greenland, S. 2019. Valid P-Values Behave Exactly as They Should: Some Misleading Criticisms of P-Values and Their Resolution With S-Values. The American Statistician 73(sup1): 106–114.

Contribution

Please report any issues.

Pull requests are always welcome.

Code of Conduct

Please note that the extras project is released with a Contributor Code of Conduct. By contributing to this project, you agree to abide by its terms.