"zoo".## S3 method for class 'zoo':
plot(x, y = NULL, screens, plot.type,
panel = lines, xlab = "Index", ylab = NULL, main = NULL,
xlim = NULL, ylim = NULL, xy.labels = FALSE, xy.lines = NULL,
oma = c(6, 0, 5, 0), mar = c(0, 5.1, 0, 2.1),
col = 1, lty = 1, pch = 1, type = "l", nc, widths = 1, heights = 1, ...)
## S3 method for class 'zoo':
lines(x, y = NULL, type = "l", \dots)
## S3 method for class 'zoo':
points(x, y = NULL, type = "p", \dots)"zoo"."zoo". If y is NULL
(the default) a time series plot of x is produced, otherwise
if both x and y are univariate "zoo" series, a
scattscreens=c(1,2,1)
would plot series 1, 2 and 3 in graphs 1, 2 and 1. If not specified
then 1 is used if plot.type="single"screens has only one level and
"multiple" otherwise. If neither function(x, y, col, lty, ...) which gives the
action to be carried out in each panel of the display for
plot.type = "multiple".plot.type = "multiple" then it can be a list of
y axis limits. If not a list each graph has the same limits.
If any list element is not a pair then its range is used instead. If
plot.type = "single" then it is astext labels should be
used in the scatter plot, or character, supplying a vector of labels to be used.lines should be drawn in
the scatter plot. Defaults to the value of xy.labels if that is
logical, otherwise to FALSE.par.plot.type = "multiple".
Defaults to 1 for up to 4 series, otherwise to 2.layout.plot and lines are very similar
to the corresponding ts methods. However, the handling of
several graphical parameters is more flexible for multivariate series.
These parameters can be vectors of the same length as the number of
series plotted or are recycled if shorter. They can also be (partially)
named list, e.g., list(A = c(1,2), c(3,4)) in which c(3, 4)
is the default value and c(1, 2) the value only for series A.
The screens argument can be specified in a similar way.
If plot.type and screens conflict then multiple plots
will be assumed. Also see the examples.In the case of a custom panel the panel can reference
parent.frame$panel.number in order to determine which
frame the panel is being called from. See examples.
par(mfrow=...) and Axis can be used in conjunction with
single panel plots in the same way as with other classic graphics.
For multipanel graphics, plot.zoo takes over the layout so
par(mfrow=...) cannot be used. Axis can be used within
the panels themselves but not outside the panel. See examples.
In addition to classical time series line plots, there is also a
simple barplot method for "zoo" series.
zoo, plot.ts, barplot,
xyplot.zoo## example dates
x.Date <- as.Date(paste(2003, 02, c(1, 3, 7, 9, 14), sep = "-"))
## univariate plotting
x <- zoo(rnorm(5), x.Date)
x2 <- zoo(rnorm(5, sd = 0.2), x.Date)
plot(x)
lines(x2, col = 2)
## multivariate plotting
z <- cbind(x, x2, zoo(rnorm(5, sd = 0.5), x.Date))
plot(z, type = "b", pch = 1:3, col = 1:3, ylab = list(expression(mu), "b", "c"))
colnames(z) <- LETTERS[1:3]
plot(z, screens = 1, col = list(B = 2))
plot(z, type = "b", pch = 1:3, col = 1:3)
plot(z, type = "b", pch = list(A = 1:5, B = 3), col = list(C = 4, 2))
plot(z, type = "b", screen = c(1,2,1), col = 1:3)
# right axis is for broken lines
plot(x)
opar <- par(usr = c(par("usr")[1:2], range(x2)))
lines(x2, lty = 2)
# axis(4)
Axis(side = 4)
par(opar)
## Custom x axis labelling using a custom panel.
# 1. test data
z <- zoo(c(21, 34, 33, 41, 39, 38, 37, 28, 33, 40),
as.Date(c("1992-01-10", "1992-01-17", "1992-01-24", "1992-01-31",
"1992-02-07", "1992-02-14", "1992-02-21", "1992-02-28", "1992-03-06",
"1992-03-13")))
zz <- merge(a = z, b = z+10)
# 2. axis tick for every point. Also every 3rd point labelled.
my.panel <- function(x, y, ..., pf = parent.frame()) {
fmt <- "%b-%d" # format for axis labels
lines(x, y, ...)
# if bottom panel
if (with(pf, length(panel.number) == 0 ||
panel.number %% nr == 0 || panel.number == nser)) {
# create ticks at x values and then label every third tick
Axis(side = 1, at = x, labels = FALSE)
ix <- seq(1, length(x), 3)
labs <- format(x, fmt)
Axis(side = 1, at = x[ix], labels = labs[ix], tcl = -0.7, cex.axis = 0.7)
}
}
# 3. plot
plot(zz, panel = my.panel, xaxt = "n")
# with a single panel plot a fancy x-axis is just the same
# procedure as for the ordinary plot command
plot(zz, screen = 1, col = 1:2, xaxt = "n")
# axis(1, at = time(zz), labels = FALSE)
tt <- time(zz)
Axis(side = 1, at = tt, labels = FALSE)
ix <- seq(1, length(tt), 3)
fmt <- "%b-%d" # format for axis labels
labs <- format(tt, fmt)
# axis(1, at = time(zz)[ix], labels = labs[ix], tcl = -0.7, cex.axis = 0.7)
Axis(side = 1, at = tt[ix], labels = labs[ix], tcl = -0.7, cex.axis = 0.7)
legend("bottomright", colnames(zz), lty = 1, col = 1:2)
## plot a mulitple ts series with nice x-axis using panel function
tab <- ts(cbind(A = 1:24, B = 24:1), start = c(2006, 1), freq = 12)
pnl.xaxis <- function(...) {
lines(...)
panel.number <- parent.frame()$panel.number
nser <- parent.frame()$nser
# if bottom panel
if (!length(panel.number) || panel.number == nser) {
tt <- list(...)[[1]]
ym <- as.yearmon(tt)
mon <- as.numeric(format(ym, "%m"))
yy <- format(ym, "%y")
mm <- substring(month.abb[mon], 1, 1)
# axis(1, tt[mon == 1], yy[mon == 1], cex.axis = 0.7)
Axis(side = 1, at = tt[mon == 1], labels = yy[mon == 1], cex.axis = 0.7)
# axis(1, tt[mon > 1], mm[mon > 1], cex.axis = 0.5, tcl = -0.3)
Axis(side = 1, at = tt[mon > 1], labels = mm[mon > 1], cex.axis = 0.5, tcl = -0.3)
}
}
plot(as.zoo(tab), panel = pnl.xaxis, xaxt = "n", main = "Fancy X Axis")
## Another example with a custom axis
# test data
z <- zoo(matrix(1:25, 5), c(10,11,20,21))
colnames(z) <- letters[1:5]
plot(zoo(coredata(z)), xaxt = "n", panel = function(x, y, ..., Time = time(z)) {
lines(x, y, ...)
# if bottom panel
pf <- parent.frame()
if (with(pf, panel.number %% nr == 0 || panel.number == nser)) {
Axis(side = 1, at = x, labels = Time)
}
})
## plot with left and right axes
## modified from http://www.mayin.org/ajayshah/KB/R/html/g6.html
set.seed(1)
z <- zoo(cbind(A = cumsum(rnorm(100)), B = cumsum(rnorm(100, mean = 0.2))))
opar <- par(mai = c(.8, .8, .2, .8))
plot(z[,1], type = "l",
xlab = "x-axis label", ylab = colnames(z)[1])
par(new = TRUE)
plot(z[,2], type = "l", ann = FALSE, yaxt = "n", col = "blue")
# axis(4)
Axis(side = 4)
legend(x = "topleft", bty = "n", lty = c(1,1), col = c("black", "blue"),
legend = paste(colnames(z), c("(left scale)", "(right scale)")))
usr <- par("usr")
# if you don't care about srt= in text then mtext is shorter:
# mtext(colnames(z)[2], 4, 2, col = "blue")
text(usr[2] + .1 * diff(usr[1:2]), mean(usr[3:4]), colnames(z)[2],
srt = -90, xpd = TRUE, col = "blue")
par(opar)
# automatically placed point labels
library("maptools")
pointLabel(time(z), coredata(z[,2]), labels = format(time(z)), cex = 0.5)
## plot one zoo series against the other.
plot(x, x2)
plot(x, x2, xy.labels = TRUE)
plot(x, x2, xy.labels = 1:5, xy.lines = FALSE)
## barplot
x <- zoo(cbind(rpois(5, 2), rpois(5, 3)), x.Date)
barplot(x, beside = TRUE)
# interactive plotting
library("TeachingDemos")
tke.test1 <- list(Parameters = list(
pch = list("spinbox", init = 1, from = 0, to = 255, width = 5),
cex = list("slider", init = 1.5, from = 0.1, to = 5, resolution = 0.1),
type = list("combobox", init = "b",
values = c("p", "l", "b", "o", "c", "h", "s", "S", "n"), width = 5),
lwd = list("spinbox", init = 1, from = 0, to = 5, increment = 1, width = 5),
lty = list("spinbox", init = 1, from = 0, to = 6, increment = 1, width = 5)
))
z <- zoo(rnorm(25))
tkexamp(plot(z), tke.test1, plotloc = "top")Run the code above in your browser using DataLab