mpt (version 0.3-0)

proact: Recall Frequencies for DaPolito's Experiment on Proactive Inhibition

Description

In DaPolito's experiment (Greeno, James, DaPolito & Polson, 1978), 60 subjects were presented with lists of stimulus-response associates to be learned, followed by a test in which only the stimuli were presented and the responses had to be recalled. Stimuli consisted of three-letter syllables, responses of the numbers from 1 to 30, so list items looked like, say, ESI-12, JOK-3, MAL-8, etc. Part of the items had two responses (A-B, A-C), the control items had only a single correct response. If the recall of C responses is poorer than that of control items, then proactive inhibition has occurred, that is interference with the recall by information that has been learned earlier. Riefer and Batchelder (1988) analyzed only the A-B and A-C items. They investigated how repeated A-B presentation affects the B and C recall, respectively. The responses were classified into four categories and pooled across subjects.

Usage

data(proact)

source

Greeno, J.G., James, C.T., DaPolito, F, & Polson, P.G. (1978). Associative learning: A cognitive analysis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Riefer, D.M., & Batchelder, W.H. (1988). Multinomial modeling and the measurement of cognitive processes. Psychological Review, 95, 318--339.

Examples

data(proact)

## Testing hypotheses about the parameters
mpt1 <- mpt(freq ~ list(
  p1*q1*r1,
  p1*q1*(1 - r1),
  p1*(1 - q1)*r1,
  (1 - p1) + p1*(1 - q1)*(1 - r1),

  p2*q2*r2,
  p2*q2*(1 - r2),
  p2*(1 - q2)*r2,
  (1 - p2) + p2*(1 - q2)*(1 - r2),

  p3*q3*r3,
  p3*q3*(1 - r3),
  p3*(1 - q3)*r3,
  (1 - p3) + p3*(1 - q3)*(1 - r3),

  p4*q4*r4,
  p4*q4*(1 - r4),
  p4*(1 - q4)*r4,
  (1 - p4) + p4*(1 - q4)*(1 - r4),

  p5*q5*r5,
  p5*q5*(1 - r5),
  p5*(1 - q5)*r5,
  (1 - p5) + p5*(1 - q5)*(1 - r5),

  p6*q6*r6,
  p6*q6*(1 - r6),
  p6*(1 - q6)*r6,
  (1 - p6) + p6*(1 - q6)*(1 - r6)
), proact, maxit=2000, stepsize=1.175)

mpt2 <- mpt(mpt1$formula, proact,
  constr=list(q1 = c("q1","q2","q3"), q2 = c("q4","q5","q6")),
  start=coef(mpt1))

mpt3 <- mpt(mpt1$formula, proact,
  constr=list(r1 = c("r1","r2","r3"), r2 = c("r4","r5","r6")),
  start=coef(mpt1), stepsize=1.9)

anova(mpt2, mpt1)  # q increases with number of A-B presentations
anova(mpt3, mpt1)  # r remains constant