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R package emmeans: Estimated marginal means (least-squares means)

Note

emmeans is a continuation of the package lsmeans. The latter will eventually be retired.

Features

Estimated marginal means (EMMs, previously known as least-squares means in the context of traditional regression models) are derived by using a model to make predictions over a regular grid of predictor combinations (called a reference grid). These predictions may possibly be averaged (typically with equal weights) over one or more of the predictors. Such marginally-averaged predictions are useful for describing the results of fitting a model, particularly in presenting the effects of factors. The emmeans package can easily produce these results, as well as various graphs of them (interaction-style plots and side-by-side intervals).

  • Estimation and testing of pairwise comparisons of EMMs, and several other types of contrasts, are provided. There is also a cld method for display of grouping symbols.

  • Two-way support of the glht function in the multcomp package.

  • For models where continuous predictors interact with factors, the package's emtrends function works in terms of a reference grid of predicted slopes of trend lines for each factor combination.

  • Incorporates support for many types of models, including those in stats package (lm, glm, aov, aovlist), linear and generalized linear mixed models (e.g., nlme, lme4, afex), ordinal-response models (e.g., ordinal, MASS), survival analysis (e.g., survival, coxme), generalized estimating equations (gee, geepack), and others. See help("models", package = "emmeans")

  • Various Bayesian models (carBayes, MCMCglmm, MCMCpack) are supported by way of creating a posterior sample of least-squares means or contrasts thereof, which may then be examined using tools such as in the coda package.

  • Package developers may provide emmeans support for their models by providing recover_data and emm_basis methods. See vignette("extending", package = "emmeans")

  • To install the latest development version from Github, install the newest version of the devtools package; then run

devtools::install_github("rvlenth/emmeans", dependencies = TRUE,
                        build_vignettes = TRUE)

Note: If you are a Windows user, you should also first download and install the latest version of Rtools.

For the latest release notes on this development version, see the NEWS file

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Version

Install

install.packages('emmeans')

Monthly Downloads

160,851

Version

1.1

License

GPL-2 | GPL-3

Issues

Pull Requests

Stars

Forks

Maintainer

Russell Lenth

Last Published

January 10th, 2018

Functions in emmeans (1.1)

emm_list

The emm_list class
contrast-methods

Contrast families
cld.emmGrid

Extract and display information on all pairwise comparisons of least-squares means.
contrast

Contrasts and linear functions of EMMs
MOats

Oats data in multivariate form
add_grouping

Add a grouping factor
as.emmGrid

Convert to and from emmGrid objects
auto.noise

Auto Pollution Filter Noise
emmGrid-class

The emmGrid class
str.emmGrid

Miscellaneous methods for emmGrid objects
emmeans

Estimated marginal means (Least-squares means)
fiber

Fiber data
ref.grid

Deprecated functions and arguments from lsmeans
emmobj

Construct an emmGrid object from scratch
emtrends

Estimated marginal means of linear trends
as.mcmc.emmGrid

Support for MCMC-based estimation
models

Models supported in emmeans
emm

Support for multcomp::glht
oranges

Sales of oranges
pigs

Effects of dietary protein on free plasma leucine concentration in pigs
summary.emmGrid

Summaries, predictions, intervals, and tests for emmGrid objects
extending-emmeans

Support functions for model extensions
feedlot

Feedlot data
plot.emmGrid

Plot an emmGrid or summary_emm object
emmeans-package

Estimated marginal means (aka Least-squares means)
neuralgia

Neuralgia data
nutrition

Nutrition data
emmip

Interaction-style plots for estimated marginal means
joint_tests

Compute joint tests of the terms in a model
make.tran

Response-transformation extensions
ref_grid

Create a reference grid from a fitted model
regrid

Reconstruct a reference grid with a new transformation
update.emmGrid

Set or retrieve options for objects and summaries
lsmeans

Wrappers for alternative naming of EMMs
xtable.emmGrid

Using xtable for EMMs
rbind.emmGrid

Combine or subset emmGrid objects