AMCP (version 2.0.0)

chapter_10_table_5: The data used in Chapter 10, Table 5

Description

The data used in Chapter 10, Table 5

Usage

data(chapter_10_table_5)

Format

An object of class data.frame with 40 rows and 3 columns.

Variables

A

type of study program

B

the particular school

ACT

the individual's ACT score

Synonym

C10T5

Author

Ken Kelley

Details

Assume that an educational products firm markets study programs to help high school students prepare for college entrance exams such as the ACT, and wants to compare a new computer-based training program with their standard packet of printed materials. The firm would like to be able to generalize to all American high schools but only has the resources to conduct a study in a few schools. Thus, assume four high schools are selected at random from a listing of all public schools in the country. Volunteers from the junior class at these schools are solicited to take part in an eight-session after-school study program. Ten students from each school are permitted to take part, and equal numbers from each school are assigned randomly to the two study programs. Designating the type of study program as factor A (a1 designates the computer-based program and a2 designates the standard paper-and-pencil program) and the particular school as factor B, assume the data in Table 10.5 are obtained.

The data consists of simulated ACT scores from 40 participants where 10 participants were selected from each of four schools. It is assumed that the schools are randomly selected from a population of schools in America in order to generalize the results found. Two schools (and thus, 20 participants) are randomly assigned to the computer-based ACT training program, while the other two schools are randomly assigned to the standard paper-and-pencil program in order to assess the effectiveness of these different types of programs.

The primary hypothesis of interest is whether the standard paper-and-pencil and computer-based ACT training programs differ in effectiveness.

References

Maxwell, S. E., Delaney, H. D., & Kelley, K. (2027). Designing experiments and analyzing data: A model comparison perspective (4th ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.

Examples

# Load the data
data(chapter_10_table_5)

# Or, alternatively load the data as
data(C10T5)

# View the structure
str(chapter_10_table_5)

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Optional: a factor-coded copy for model-comparison analyses / plotting.
# A (program) and B (school) are stored as numeric codes so the book's
# examples reproduce exactly. Build a *copy* (suffix "_factors") so the
# canonical data set is left unchanged; ACT stays numeric. The narrative
# defines a1 = computer-based and a2 = standard paper-and-pencil; the
# schools (B) are not named, so their numeric codes are kept as levels.
C10T5_factors <- chapter_10_table_5
C10T5_factors$A <- factor(C10T5_factors$A, levels = 1:2,
  labels = c("Computer-Based", "Standard Paper-and-Pencil"))
C10T5_factors$B <- factor(C10T5_factors$B)

# Here school (B) is a RANDOM factor, so the book fits a mixed /
# random-effects model rather than a fixed-effects ANOVA. Build the factor
# copy, then follow the book's procedure.
str(C10T5_factors)