Table 14.8 presents the M and D transformed scores formed from the two-angle reaction-time data of Table 14.7. For each participant, M is the mean reaction time across the 0-degree and 8-degree angle conditions, and D is the difference between the two conditions (8 degrees minus 0 degrees). In the multivariate (within-subjects) approach to this two-way design, the M scores carry the between-subjects information used to test the main effect of age, while the D scores carry the within-subjects information used to test the main effect of angle and the age-by-angle interaction. The mean M and D for the young participants are 561 and 168; the corresponding means for the old participants are 667.5 and 249.
References
Maxwell, S. E., Delaney, H. D., & Kelley, K. (2027). Designing experiments and analyzing data:
A model comparison perspective (4th ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.