GGally (version 1.2.0)

ggnetworkmap: ggnetworkmap - Plot a network with ggplot2 suitable for overlay on a ggmap:: map ggplot, or other ggplot

Description

This is a descendent of the original ggnet function. ggnet added the innovation of plotting the network geographically. However, ggnet needed to be the first object in the ggplot chain. ggnetworkmap does not. If passed a ggplot object as its first argument, such as output from ggmap, ggnetworkmap will plot on top of that chart, looking for vertex attributes lon and lat as coordinates. Otherwise, ggnetworkmap will generate coordinates using the Fruchterman-Reingold algorithm.

Usage

ggnetworkmap(gg, net, size = 3, alpha = 0.75, weight, node.group, node.color = NULL, node.alpha = NULL, ring.group, segment.alpha = NULL, segment.color = "grey", great.circles = FALSE, segment.size = 0.25, arrow.size = 0, label.nodes = FALSE, label.size = size/2, ...)

Arguments

gg

an object of class ggplot.

net

an object of class network, or any object that can be coerced to this class, such as an adjacency or incidence matrix, or an edge list: see edgeset.constructors and network for details. If the object is of class igraph and the intergraph package is installed, it will be used to convert the object: see asNetwork for details.

size

size of the network nodes. Defaults to 3. If the nodes are weighted, their area is proportionally scaled up to the size set by size.

alpha

a level of transparency for nodes, vertices and arrows. Defaults to 0.75.

weight

if present, the unquoted name of a vertex attribute in data. Otherwise nodes are unweighted.

node.group

NULL, the default, or the unquoted name of a vertex attribute that will be used to determine the color of each node.

node.color

If node.group is null, a character string specifying a color.

node.alpha

transparency of the nodes. Inherits from alpha.

ring.group

if not NULL, the default, the unquoted name of a vertex attribute that will be used to determine the color of each node border.

segment.alpha

transparency of the vertex links. Inherits from alpha

segment.color

color of the vertex links. Defaults to "grey".

great.circles

whether to draw edges as great circles using the geosphere package. Defaults to FALSE

segment.size

size of the vertex links, as a vector of values or as a single value. Defaults to 0.25.

arrow.size

size of the vertex arrows for directed network plotting, in centimeters. Defaults to 0.

label.nodes

label nodes with their vertex names attribute. If set to TRUE, all nodes are labelled. Also accepts a vector of character strings to match with vertex names.

label.size

size of the labels. Defaults to size / 2.

...

other arguments supplied to geom_text for the node labels. Arguments pertaining to the title or other items can be achieved through ggplot2 methods.

Details

This is a function for plotting graphs generated by network or igraph in a more flexible and elegant manner than permitted by ggnet. The function does not need to be the first plot in the ggplot chain, so the graph can be plotted on top of a map or other chart. Segments can be straight lines, or plotted as great circles. Note that the great circles feature can produce odd results with arrows and with vertices beyond the plot edges; this is a gglot2 limitation and cannot yet be fixed. Nodes can have two color schemes, which are then plotted as the center and ring around the node. The color schemes are selected by adding scale_fill_ or scale_color_ just like any other ggplot2 plot. If there are no rings, scale_color sets the color of the nodes. If there are rings, scale_color sets the color of the rings, and scale_fill sets the color of the centers. Note that additional arguments in the ... are passed to geom_text for plotting labels.

Examples

if (require(ggplot2) && require(maps) && require(network) && require(sna)) {

  ## Example showing great circles on a simple map of the USA
  ## http://flowingdata.com/2011/05/11/how-to-map-connections-with-great-circles/

  airports <- read.csv("http://datasets.flowingdata.com/tuts/maparcs/airports.csv", header = TRUE)
  rownames(airports) <- airports$iata

  # select some random flights
  set.seed(1234)
  flights <- data.frame(
    origin = sample(airports[200:400, ]$iata, 200, replace = TRUE),
    destination = sample(airports[200:400, ]$iata, 200, replace = TRUE)
  )

  # convert to network
  flights <- network(flights, directed = TRUE)

  # add geographic coordinates
  flights %v% "lat" <- airports[ network.vertex.names(flights), "lat" ]
  flights %v% "lon" <- airports[ network.vertex.names(flights), "long" ]

  # drop isolated airports
  delete.vertices(flights, which(degree(flights) < 2))

  # compute degree centrality
  flights %v% "degree" <- degree(flights, gmode = "digraph")

  # add random groups
  flights %v% "mygroup" <- sample(letters[1:4], network.size(flights), replace = TRUE)

  # create a map of the USA
  usa <- ggplot(map_data("usa"), aes(x = long, y = lat)) +
    geom_polygon(aes(group = group), color = "grey65",
                 fill = "#f9f9f9", size = 0.2)

  # overlay network data to map
  ggnetworkmap(usa, flights, size = 4, great.circles = TRUE,
               node.group = mygroup, segment.color = "steelblue",
               ring.group = degree, weight = degree)

## Exploring a community of spambots found on Twitter
## Data by Amos Elberg: see ?twitter_spambots for details

data(twitter_spambots)

# create a world map
world <- fortify(map("world", plot = FALSE, fill = TRUE))
world <- ggplot(world, aes(x = long, y = lat)) +
  geom_polygon(aes(group = group), color = "grey65",
               fill = "#f9f9f9", size = 0.2)

# view global structure
ggnetworkmap(world, twitter_spambots)

# domestic distribution
ggnetworkmap(net = twitter_spambots)

# topology
ggnetworkmap(net = twitter_spambots, arrow.size = 0.5)

# compute indegree and outdegree centrality
twitter_spambots %v% "indegree" <- degree(twitter_spambots, cmode = "indegree")
twitter_spambots %v% "outdegree" <- degree(twitter_spambots, cmode = "outdegree")

ggnetworkmap(net = twitter_spambots,
           arrow.size = 0.5,
           node.group = indegree,
           ring.group = outdegree, size = 4) +
  scale_fill_continuous("Indegree", high = "red", low = "yellow") +
  labs(color = "Outdegree")

# show some vertex attributes associated with each account
ggnetworkmap(net = twitter_spambots,
             arrow.size = 0.5,
             node.group = followers,
             ring.group = friends,
             size = 4,
             weight = indegree,
             label.nodes = TRUE, vjust = -1.5) +
  scale_fill_continuous("Followers", high = "red", low = "yellow") +
  labs(color = "Friends") +
  scale_color_continuous(low = "lightgreen", high = "darkgreen")
}