A complete example data set for estimating fatalities from 60 m cleared plots at 23 out of 100 searches at a wind power facility. Data on carcass observations (CO) from a search of all terrain out to 60m from each of 100 turbines at a theoretical site, field trials for estimating carcass persistence (CP) and searcher efficiency (SE), search schedule (SS) parameters (for example, which turbines were searched on which days), and density weighted proportion (DWP) of area searched at each turbine (which is an area adjustment factor to account for incomplete search coverage).
wind_clearedwind_cleared is a list with 5 elements:
SESearcher efficiency trial data
CPCarcass persistence trial data
SSSearch schedule parameters
DWPDensity weighted proportion of area searched
COCarcass observations
$SE is a data frame with each row representing the fate of a single
carcass in the searcher efficiency trials. There are columns for:
pkIDunique ID for each carcass
Size"bat"; or "lrg", "med", or
"sml" bird
Season"spring", "summer", or "fall"
Visibilityindicator for visibility class of the ground, with
"RP" for carcasses placed on a road or turbine pad, "M"
for moderate visibility (e.g., plowed field; short, sparse vegetation),
or "D" for difficult visibility
"s1",...,"s5"fate of carcass on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and
5th search after placement. A value of 1 implies that a carcass was
discovered by searchers, 0 implies the carcass was present but not
discovered, and any other value is interpreted as "no search" or
"carcass not present" and ignored in the model. In this data set,
NA indicates that a carcass had been previously discovered and
removed from the field. A user may use a variety of values to
differentiate different reasons no search was conducted or the carcass
was not present. For example, "SN" could be used to indicate that the
turbine was not searched because of snow, or "NS" to indicate the search
was not scheduled in that location at that time, or "SC" to indicate the
carcass had been removed by scavengers prior to the search.
$CP is a data frame with each row representing the fate of a single
carcass in the carcass persistence trials. There are columns for:
cpIDunique ID for each carcass
Size"bat"; or "lrg", "med", or
"sml" bird
Season"spring", "summer", or "fall"
Visibilityindicator for visibility class of the ground, with
"RP" for carcasses placed on a road or turbine pad, "M" for
moderate visibility (e.g., plowed field; short, sparse vegetation), or
"D" for difficult visibility.
LastPresent,
FirstAbsentendpoints of the interval bracketing the time the carcass
was scavenged or otherwise removed from the field. For example,
LastPresent = 2.04, FirstAbsent = 3.21 indicates that the carcass was
last observed 2.04 days after being placed in the field and was noted
missing 3.21 days after being placed. If the precise time of carcass
removal is known (e.g., recorded by camera), then LastPresent and
FirstAbsent should be set equal to each other. If a carcass persists
beyond the last day of the field trial, LastPresent is the last time it
was observed and FirstAbsent is entered as Inf or NA.
$SS is a data frame with a row for each date a turbine at the site
was searched, a column of SearchDates, and a column for each turbine.
In addition, there is a column to indicate the Season. A column with
search dates and columns for each turbine searched are required. Other
columns are optional.
SearchDatecolumns of dates on which at least one turbine was
searched. Format in this data is "%Y-%m-%d CDT", but time zone
(CDT) is optional. A time stamp may be included if desired (e.g.,
2018-03-20 02:15:41). Alternatively, \ can be used in place
of -.
Season"spring", "summer", or "fall" to
indicate which season the search was conducted in. Season is
optional but may be used as a temporal covariate for fatality estimates.
t1, etc.unique ID for all turbines that were searched on at least one search date. Values are either 1 or 0, indicating whether the given turbine (column) was searched or not on the given date (row).
$DWP is a data frame with a row for each turbine and columns for
each carcass size class. Values represent the density-weighted proportion
of the searched area for each size (or the fraction of carcasses that fall
in the searched area).
Turbineunique ID for each turbine. IDs match those used in
the $CO data frame and the column names in the $SS data.
Sizebat, sml, med, lrg
Season"spring", "summer", or "fall" to
indicate which season the search was conducted in. Season is
optional but may be used as a temporal covariate for fatality estimates.
$CO is a data frame with a row for carcass observed in the carcass
searches and a number of columns giving information about the given carcass
(date found, size, species, etc.)
carcIDunique identifier for each carcass: "x30",
"x46", etc.
Turbineidentifier for which turbine the given carcass was
found at: "t19", "t65", "t49", etc.
TurbineTypethe type of turbine: "X", "Y" or
"Z".
DateFounddates entered in the same format as in
$SS$SearchDate. Every date entered here is (and must be) included
in the search schedule ($SS$SearchDate)
Visibilityvisibility class: "RP", "M", or
"D", as described in $CP and $SE
Speciesspecies of the carcass: "BA", "BB",
"BC", "BD", "BE", "LA", "LB",
"LD", "LE", "MA", "MB", "SA",
"SB", "SC", "SD", "SE", "SF",
"SG"
SpeciesGroupspecies group: "bat0", "bat1",
"brd1", "brd2", "brd3"
Sizesize: "bat", "lrg", "med",
"sml"
Distancedistance from the turbine