Lock5withR (version 1.2.2)

MalevolentUniformsNHL: Malevolent Uniforms NHL

Description

Perceived malevolence of uniforms and penalies for National Hockey League (NHL) teams

Format

A data frame with 28 observations on the following 3 variables.

• NHLTeam Team name
• NHL_Malevolence Score reflecting the "malevolence" of a team's uniform
• ZPenMin Z-score for penalty minutes

Source

Frank and Gilovich, "The Dark Side of Self- and Social Perception: Black Uniforms and Aggression in Professional Sports", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 54, No. 1, 1988, p. 74-85.

Details

Participants with no knowledge of the teams rated the jerseys on characteristics such as timid/aggressive, nice/mean and good/bad. The averages of these responses produced a "malevolence" index with higher scores signifying impressions of more malevolent uniforms. To measure aggressiveness, the authors used the amount of penalty minutes converted to z-scores and averaged for each team over the seasons from 1970-1986.

Examples

data(MalevolentUniformsNHL)