MortalitySmooth (version 1.0)

predict.Mort1Dsmooth: Predict Method for 1D P-splines Fits

Description

Obtains predictions and optionally estimates standard errors of those predictions from a fitted Mort1Dsmooth object.

Usage

## S3 method for class 'Mort1Dsmooth'
## S3 method for class 'Mort1Dsmooth':
predict(object, newdata = NULL, 
        type = c("link", "response"), 
        se.fit = FALSE, ...)

Arguments

object

An object of class "Mort1Dsmooth", usually, a result of a call to Mort1Dsmooth.

newdata

Optionally, a vector in which to look for x with which to predict. If omitted, the fitted linear predictors are used.

type

The type of prediction required. The default ("link") is on the scale of the linear predictors; the alternative "response" is on the scale of the response variable.

se.fit

Logical switch indicating if standard errors are required. Default: FALSE.

...

Other predict parameters to passed to predict.

Value

• If se.fit = FALSE, a vector of predictions. If se.fit = TRUE, a list with components
• fit
  Predictions.
• se.fit
  Estimated standard errors.

Details

If newdata is omitted the predictions are based on the data used for the fit. Note that, in common with other prediction functions, any offset supplied as an argument is always ignored when predicting, unlike offsets specified in modelling. Forecast is not possible, therefore newdata has to be include within the range of the original x and y.

See Also

Mort1Dsmooth for computing Mort1Dsmooth.object, predict.

Examples

# selected data
years <- seq(1850, 2000, 10)
death <- selectHMDdata("Denmark", "Deaths", "Females", 60, years)
exposure <- selectHMDdata("Denmark", "Exposures", "Females", 60, years)
# fit
fit <- Mort1Dsmooth(x=years, y=death, offset=log(exposure),
                    ndx=10, method=3, lambda=10)
# fitted linear predictor at observed times
predict(fit) 
# predict log-rates for each year
plot(fit, "logrates")
newyears <- 1850:2000
pre <- predict(fit, newdata=newyears, type="link", se.fit=TRUE)
lines(newyears, pre$fit, col=4, lty=2, lwd=2)
lines(newyears, pre$fit + 2*pre$se, col=4, lty=3, lwd=2)
lines(newyears, pre$fit - 2*pre$se, col=4, lty=3, lwd=2)