PEAXAI (version 0.1.0)

firms: Spanish Food Industry Firms Dataset

Description

Dataset containing information on food industry companies located in Spain, used to illustrate efficiency analysis within the PEAXAI package. The dataset reflects the institutional and market heterogeneity that shapes firm-level efficiency across Spain’s 17 autonomous communities.

Usage

data(firms)

Format

A data.frame with 917 rows and 6 columns:

total_assets

Total assets (millions of euros).

employees

Number of employees.

fixed_assets

Tangible fixed assets (millions of euros).

personnel_expenses

Personnel expenses (millions of euros).

operating_income

Operating income (millions of euros).

autonomous_community

Autonomous community where the firm operates.

Details

The dataset includes 917 food industry firms with more than 50 employees, collected from the SABI database for the year 2023. Each observation corresponds to a single company. Variables reflect both operational and financial dimensions relevant for productivity and efficiency assessment.

The output variable is:

• operating_income — Operating income (in millions of euros), measuring revenues generated from core business activities.

The input variables are:

• total_assets — Total assets (millions of euros), representing resources employed.

• employees — Number of employees, indicating workforce size (only firms with more than 50 workers are included).

• fixed_assets — Tangible fixed assets (millions of euros), such as buildings and machinery.

• personnel_expenses — Personnel expenses (millions of euros), including salaries, benefits, and training.

The variable autonomous_community identifies the territorial location of each firm within Spain.

The sample displays substantial dispersion across variables, encompassing both small and large firms. This heterogeneity affects measures of central tendency—mean and median values differ considerably—thus providing a realistic challenge for efficiency and explainability analyses.

Examples

data(firms)
str(firms)
summary(firms)

if (requireNamespace("ggplot2", quietly = TRUE)) {
  ggplot2::ggplot(firms, ggplot2::aes(x = employees, y = operating_income)) +
    ggplot2::geom_point(alpha = 0.6) +
    ggplot2::labs(
      x = "Number of employees",
      y = "Operating income (millions of euros)",
      title = "Spanish Food Industry Firms (2023)"
    ) +
    ggplot2::theme_minimal() +
    ggplot2::theme(
      plot.title = ggplot2::element_text(face = "bold"),
      axis.line = ggplot2::element_line(color = "black"),
      axis.ticks = ggplot2::element_line(color = "black"),
      panel.grid.minor = ggplot2::element_blank()
    )
}