The RStoolbox package provides a set of functions which simplify performing standard remote sensing tasks in R.
Most functions have built-in parallel support. All that is required is to run beginCluster beforehand.
radCor: radiometric conversions and corrections. Primarily, yet not exclusively, intended for Landsat data processing. DN to radiance to reflectance conversion as well as DOS approaches
topCor: topographic illumination correction
cloudMask & cloudShadowMask: mask clouds and cloud shadows in Landsat or other imagery which comes with a thermal band
classifyQA: extract layers from Landsat 8 QA bands, e.g. cloud confidence
rescaleImage: rescale image to match min/max from another image or a specified min/max range
normImage: normalize imagery by centering and scaling
histMatch: matches the histograms of two scenes
coregisterImages: co-register images based on mutual information
panSharpen: sharpen a coarse resolution image with a high resolution image (typically panchromatic)
spectralIndices: calculate a set of predefined multispectral indices like NDVI
tasseledCap: tasseled cap transformation
sam: spectral angle mapper
rasterPCA: principal components transform for raster data
rasterCVA: change vector analysis
unsuperClass: unsupervised classification
superClass: supervised classification
fCover: fractional cover of coarse resolution imagery based on high resolution classification