One issue concerning the validity of the clutch volume and parental care study
of ex1031 is the selection of the bird species in the
set of currently living animals. Was the selection just as good as a random
sample of species from each of the groups? One way to study this for birds, at
least, is to compare the numbers of species from each of the 29 orders of birds
in the study with the known total number of species in each of the orders. If
the selection of birds had been at random, the expected proportion of species
in the study from one particular order, n, is the proportion of all species in
that order (N=9,866) times the total number of species in the sample (414).
That is, the expected number in each sample, if random sampling were used, is
(N/9,866)x 414. Calculate the expected numbers and compare the observed numbers
with them using Pearson's chi-square statistic.
ex1923A data frame with 29 observations on the following 3 variables.
a character variable with the name of the order
the known number of species in the order
the number of sampled species from the order