The heterogeneity of spatial data presenting a finite number of categories can be measured via computation of spatial entropy. Functions are available for the computation of the main entropy and spatial entropy measures in the literature. They include the traditional version of Shannon's entropy, Batty's spatial entropy, O'Neill's entropy, Li and Reynolds' contagion index, Karlstrom and Ceccato's entropy, Leibovici's entropy, Parresol and Edwards' entropy and Altieri's entropy. The package is able to work with lattice and point data.
References:
Altieri, L., D. Cocchi, and G. Roli (2017). A new approach to spatial entropy measures, Environmental and Ecological Statistics published online at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10651-017-0383-1, pp 1-16.
Altieri, L., D. Cocchi, and G. Roli (2017). The use of spatial information in entropy measures. arXiv:1703.06001
Batty, M. (1974). Spatial entropy. Geographical Analysis 6, 1-31.
Batty, M. (1976). Entropy in spatial aggregation. Geographical Analysis 8, 1-21.
EEA (2011). Corine land cover 2000 raster data. Technical Report, downloadable at http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/ data/corine-land-cover-2000-raster-1.
Karlstrom, A. and V. Ceccato (2002). A new information theoretical measure of global and local spatial association. The Review of Regional Research 22, 13-40.
Leibovici, D. (2009). Defining spatial entropy from multivariate distributions of co-occurrences. Berlin, Springer: In K. S. Hornsby et al. (eds.): 9th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory 2009, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 5756, 392-404.
Li, H. and J. Reynolds (1993). A new contagion index to quantify spatial patterns of landscapes. Landscape Ecology 8(3), 155-162.
O'Neill, R., J. Krummel, R. Gardner, G. Sugihara, B. Jackson, D. DeAngelis, B. Milne, M. Turner, B. Zygmunt, S. Christensen, V. Dale, and R. Graham (1988). Indices of landscape pattern. Landscape Ecology 1(3), 153-162.
Parresol, B. and L. Edwards (2014). An entropy-based contagion index and its sampling properties for landscape analysis. Entropy 16(4), 1842-1859.
Shannon, C. (1948). A mathematical theory of communication. Bell Dyditem Technical Journal 27, 379-423, 623-656.