WeightIt (version 0.8.0)

method_optweight: Optimization-Based Weighting

Description

This page explains the details of estimating optimization-based weights by setting method = "optweight" in the call to weightit or weightitMSM. This method can be used with binary, multinomial, and continuous treatments.

In general, this method relies on estimating weights by solving a quadratic programming problem subject to approximate or exact balance constraints. This method relies on optweight from the optweight package.

Because optweight offers finer control and uses the same syntax as weightit, it is recommended that optweight be used instead of weightit with method = "optweight".

Binary Treatments

For binary treatments, this method estimates the weights using optweight. The following estimands are allowed: ATE, ATT, and ATC. The weights are taken from the output of the optweight fit object.

Multinomial Treatments

For multinomial treatments, this method estimates the weights using optweight. The following estimands are allowed: ATE and ATT. The weights are taken from the output of the optweight fit object.

Continuous Treatments

For binary treatments, this method estimates the weights using optweight. The weights are taken from the output of the optweight fit object.

Longitudinal Treatments

For longitudinal treatments, optweight estimates weights that simultaneously satisfy balance constraints at all time points, so only one model is fit to obtain the weights. Using method = "optweight" in weightitMSM cause is.MSM.method to be set to TRUE by default. Setting it to FALSE will run one model for each time point and multiply the weights together, a method that is not recommended. NOTE: neither use of optimization-based weights with longitudinal treatments has been validated!

Sampling Weights

Sampling weights are supported through s.weights in all scenarios.

Missing Data

In the presence of missing data, the following value(s) for missing are allowed:

"ind" (default)

First, for each variable with missingness, a new missingness indicator variable is created which takes the value 1 if the original covariate is NA and 0 otherwise. The missingness indicators are added to the model formula as main effects. The missing values in the covariates are then replaced with 0s (this value is arbitrary and does not affect estimation). The weight estimation then proceeds with this new formula and set of covariates. The covariates output in the resulting weightit object will be the original covariates with the NAs.

Additional Arguments

All arguments to optweight can be passed through weightit or weightitMSM, with the following exception:

targets cannot be used and is ignored.

All arguments take on the defaults of those in optweight.

Additional Outputs

info

A list with one entry:

duals

A data frame of dual variables for each balance constraint.

obj

When include.obj = TRUE, the output of the call to optweight::optweight.

References

Zubizarreta, J. R. (2015). Stable Weights that Balance Covariates for Estimation With Incomplete Outcome Data. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 110(511), 910<U+2013>922. 10.1080/01621459.2015.1023805

See Also

weightit, weightitMSM

Examples

# NOT RUN {
library("cobalt")
data("lalonde", package = "cobalt")

#Balancing covariates between treatment groups (binary)
(W1 <- weightit(treat ~ age + educ + married +
                  nodegree + re74, data = lalonde,
                method = "optweight", estimand = "ATT",
                tols = 0))
summary(W1)
bal.tab(W1)

#Balancing covariates with respect to race (multinomial)
(W2 <- weightit(race ~ age + educ + married +
                  nodegree + re74, data = lalonde,
                method = "optweight", estimand = "ATE",
                tols = .01))
summary(W2)
bal.tab(W2)

#Balancing covariates with respect to re75 (continuous)
(W3 <- weightit(re75 ~ age + educ + married +
                  nodegree + re74, data = lalonde,
                method = "optweight", tols = .05))
summary(W3)
bal.tab(W3)
# }