This function takes raw data and a tree structure, then processes it to form a detailed and structured dataframe.
The data is transformed to indicate terminal nodes, calculate leaf values, and determine split values. It then
assigns labels, calculates node depth, and establishes hierarchical relationships within the tree.
Additional metadata about the tree, such as maximum depth, parent and child node relationships, and observation
nodes are also included. The final dataframe is organized and enriched with necessary attributes for further analysis.