X
and Y
.kronecker(X, Y, FUN = "*", make.dimnames = FALSE, …)
X %x% Y
X
and Y
.FUN
.A
with dimensions dim(X) * dim(Y)
.X
and Y
do not have the same number of
dimensions, the smaller array is padded with dimensions of size
one. The returned array comprises submatrices constructed by
taking X
one term at a time and expanding that term as
FUN(x, Y, ...)
. %x%
is an alias for kronecker
(where
FUN
is hardwired to "*"
).outer
, on which kronecker
is built
and %*%
for usual matrix multiplication.# simple scalar multiplication
( M <- matrix(1:6, ncol = 2) )
kronecker(4, M)
# Block diagonal matrix:
kronecker(diag(1, 3), M)
# ask for dimnames
fred <- matrix(1:12, 3, 4, dimnames = list(LETTERS[1:3], LETTERS[4:7]))
bill <- c("happy" = 100, "sad" = 1000)
kronecker(fred, bill, make.dimnames = TRUE)
bill <- outer(bill, c("cat" = 3, "dog" = 4))
kronecker(fred, bill, make.dimnames = TRUE)
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