For subject \(i\) observation \(t\) (\(i=1,\dots,n\), \(t=1,\dots,T\)), \(y_{it}=(y_{it1},\dots,y_{itp})\) was generated from a \(p\)-dimensional normal distribution with mean zero and covariance \(\Sigma\), where
$$\Sigma=\Phi\Lambda\Phi,$$
\(\Phi\) is an orthonormal matrix and \(\Lambda=\mathrm{diag}(\lambda_{1},\dots,\lambda_{p})\) is a diagonal matrix. The eigenvalues \(\lambda_{ij}\) (\(j=1,\dots,p\)) satisfies the following log-linear model
$$log(\lambda_{ij})=x_{i}^\top\beta_{j},$$
where \(\beta_{j}\) is the \(j\)th column of beta
.