# mmps

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Percentile

##### Marginal Model Plotting

For a regression object, plots the response on the vertical axis versus a linear combination $u$ of terms in the mean function on the horizontal axis. Added to the plot are a loess smooth for the graph, along with a loess smooth from the plot of the fitted values on $u$. mmps is an alias for marginalModelPlots, and mmp is an alias for marginalModelPlot.

Keywords
hplot, regression
##### Usage
marginalModelPlots(...)

mmps(model, terms= ~ ., fitted=TRUE, layout=NULL, ask,
main, groups, key=TRUE, ...)

marginalModelPlot(...)

## S3 method for class 'lm':
mmp(model, variable, sd = FALSE,
xlab = deparse(substitute(variable)),
smoother = loessLine, smoother.args=list(span=2/3),
key=TRUE, pch, groups=NULL, ...)

## S3 method for class 'default':
mmp(model, variable, sd = FALSE,
xlab = deparse(substitute(variable)), smoother=loessLine,
smoother.args, key=TRUE, pch, groups=NULL,
col.line = palette()[c(4, 2)], col=palette()[1],
labels, id.method="y",
id.n=if(id.method[1]=="identify") Inf else 0,
id.cex=1, id.col=palette()[1], grid=TRUE, ...)

## S3 method for class 'glm':
mmp(model, variable, sd = FALSE,
xlab = deparse(substitute(variable)), smoother=gamLine,
smoother.args=list(k=3), key=TRUE, pch, groups=NULL,
col.line = palette()[c(4, 2)], col=palette()[1],
labels, id.method="y",
id.n=if(id.method[1]=="identify") Inf else 0,
id.cex=1, id.col=palette()[1], grid=TRUE, ...)
##### Arguments
model
A regression object, usually of class either lm or glm, for which there is a predict method defined.
terms
A one-sided formula. A marginal model plot will be drawn for each variable on the right-side of this formula that is not a factor. The default is ~ ., which specifies that all the terms in formula(object) will be used
fitted
If the default TRUE, then a marginal model plot in the direction of the fitted values or linear predictor of a generalized linear model will be drawn.
layout
If set to a value like c(1, 1) or c(4, 3), the layout of the graph will have this many rows and columns. If not set, the program will select an appropriate layout. If the number of graphs exceed nine, you must select the la
If TRUE, ask before clearing the graph window to draw more plots.
main
Main title for the array of plots. Use main="" to suppress the title; if missing, a title will be supplied.
...
Additional arguments passed from mmps to mmp and then to plot. Users should generally use mmps, or equivalently marginalModelPlots.
variable
The quantity to be plotted on the horizontal axis. The default is the predicted values predict(object). Can be any other vector of length equal to the number of observations in the object. Thus the mmp function can be
sd
If TRUE, compare sd smooths. For a binomial regression with all sample sizes equal to one, this argument is ignored as the SD bounds don't make any sense.
xlab
label for horizontal axis
smoother
the name of the smoother to use, selected from the choices descripbed at ScatterplotSmoothers. For linear models and the default method, the default smoother is the function is the functio
smoother.args
arguments passed to the smoother. For linear models the defaults match the smoother used before September 2012, and may be changed later. See ScatterplotSmoothers.
groups
The name of a vector that specifies a grouping variable for separate colors/smoothers. This can also be specified as a conditioning argument on the terms argument.
key
If TRUE, include a key at the top of the plot, if FALSE omit the key. If grouping is present, the key is only printed for the upper-left plot.
id.method,labels,id.n,id.cex,id.col
Arguments for labelling points. The default id.n=0 suppresses labelling, and setting this argument greater than zero will include labelling. See showLabels for these arguments.
pch
plotting character to use if no grouping is present.
col.line
colors for data and model smooth, respectively. Using the default palette, these are blue and red.
col
color(s) for the plotted points.
grid
If TRUE, the default, a light-gray background grid is put on the graph
##### Details

mmp and marginalModelPlot draw one marginal model plot against whatever is specified as the horizontal axis. mmps and marginalModelPlots draws marginal model plots versus each of the terms in the terms argument and versus fitted values. mmps skips factors and interactions if they are specified in the terms argument. Terms based on polynomials or on splines (or potentially any term that is represented by a matrix of predictors) will be used to form a marginal model plot by returning a linear combination of the terms. For example, if you specify terms ~ X1 + poly(X2, 3) and poly(X2, 3) was part of the original model formula, the horizontal axis of the marginal model plot will be the value of predict(model, type="terms")[, "poly(X2, 3)"]). If the predict method for the model you are using doesn't support type="terms", then the polynomial/spline term is skipped. Adding a conditioning variable, e.g., terms = ~ a + b | c, will produce marginal model plots for a and b with different colors and smoothers for each unique non-missing value of c. The smoothers used were changed in September 2012. For linear models, the default smoother is still loess with the same smoothing parameters as were used in the past, but these can be changed with the argument smoother.args. For generalized linear models, the default smoother uses gamLine, fitting a generalized additive model with the same family, link and weights as the fit of the model. SD smooths are not computed for for generalized linear models. For generalized linear models the default number of elements in the spline basis is k=3; this is done to allow fitting for predictors with just a few support points. If you have many support points you may wish to set k to a higher number, or k=-1 for the default used by gam.

##### Value

• Used for its side effect of producing plots.

##### References

Fox, J. and Weisberg, S. (2011) An R Companion to Applied Regression, Second Edition. Sage. Weisberg, S. (2014) Applied Linear Regression, Fourth Edition, Wiley, Chapter 8.

ScatterplotSmoothers, plot

##### Aliases
• mmps
• mmp
• mmp.lm
• mmp.glm
• mmp.default
• marginalModelPlot
• marginalModelPlots
##### Examples
c1 <- lm(infant.mortality ~ gdp, UN)
mmps(c1)
c2 <- update(c1, ~ poly(gdp, 4), data=na.omit(UN))
# plot against predict(c2, type="terms")[, "poly(gdp, 4)"] and
# and against gdp
mmps(c2, ~ poly(gdp,4) + gdp)
# include SD lines
p1 <- lm(prestige ~ income + education, Prestige)
mmps(p1, sd=TRUE)
# condition on type:
mmps(p1, ~. | type)
# logisitic regression example
# smoothers return warning messages.
# fit a separate smoother and color for each type of occupation.

m1 <- glm(lfp ~ ., family=binomial, data=Mroz)
mmps(m1)
Documentation reproduced from package car, version 2.0-20, License: GPL (>= 2)

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