Calculates heteroscedasticity-corrected covariance matrices linear models fit by least squares or weighted least squares. These are also called “White-corrected” or “White-Huber” covariance matrices.
hccm(model, ...)# S3 method for lm
hccm(model, type=c("hc3", "hc0", "hc1", "hc2", "hc4"),
singular.ok=TRUE, ...)
# S3 method for default
hccm(model, ...)
a unweighted or weighted linear model, produced by lm.
one of "hc0", "hc1", "hc2", "hc3", or "hc4"; the
first of these gives the classic White correction. The "hc1", "hc2", and "hc3"
corrections are described in Long and Ervin (2000); "hc4" is described in Cribari-Neto (2004).
if FALSE (the default is TRUE), a model with aliased coefficients
produces an error; otherwise, the aliased coefficients are ignored in the coefficient covariance
matrix that's returned.
arguments to pass to hccm.lm.
The heteroscedasticity-corrected covariance matrix for the model.
The original White-corrected coefficient covariance matrix ("hc0") for an unweighted model is
$$V(b)=(X^{\prime }X)^{-1}X^{\prime }diag(e_{i}^{2})X(X^{\prime }X)^{-1}$$
where \(e_{i}^{2}\) are the squared residuals, and \(X\) is the model
matrix. The other methods represent adjustments to this formula. If there are weights, these are incorporated in the
corrected covariance matrix.
The function hccm.default simply catches non-lm objects.
Fox, J. (2016) Applied Regression Analysis and Generalized Linear Models, Third Edition. Sage.
Fox, J. and Weisberg, S. (2019) An R Companion to Applied Regression, Third Edition, Sage.
Cribari-Neto, F. (2004) Asymptotic inference under heteroskedasticity of unknown form. Computational Statistics and Data Analysis 45, 215--233.
Long, J. S. and Ervin, L. H. (2000) Using heteroscedasity consistent standard errors in the linear regression model. The American Statistician 54, 217--224.
White, H. (1980) A heteroskedastic consistent covariance matrix estimator and a direct test of heteroskedasticity. Econometrica 48, 817--838.
# NOT RUN {
options(digits=4)
mod<-lm(interlocks~assets+nation, data=Ornstein)
vcov(mod)
## (Intercept) assets nationOTH nationUK nationUS
## (Intercept) 1.079e+00 -1.588e-05 -1.037e+00 -1.057e+00 -1.032e+00
## assets -1.588e-05 1.642e-09 1.155e-05 1.362e-05 1.109e-05
## nationOTH -1.037e+00 1.155e-05 7.019e+00 1.021e+00 1.003e+00
## nationUK -1.057e+00 1.362e-05 1.021e+00 7.405e+00 1.017e+00
## nationUS -1.032e+00 1.109e-05 1.003e+00 1.017e+00 2.128e+00
hccm(mod)
## (Intercept) assets nationOTH nationUK nationUS
## (Intercept) 1.664e+00 -3.957e-05 -1.569e+00 -1.611e+00 -1.572e+00
## assets -3.957e-05 6.752e-09 2.275e-05 3.051e-05 2.231e-05
## nationOTH -1.569e+00 2.275e-05 8.209e+00 1.539e+00 1.520e+00
## nationUK -1.611e+00 3.051e-05 1.539e+00 4.476e+00 1.543e+00
## nationUS -1.572e+00 2.231e-05 1.520e+00 1.543e+00 1.946e+00
# }