# pcaNNet.default

0th

Percentile

##### Neural Networks with a Principal Component Step

Run PCA on a dataset, then use it in a neural network model

Keywords
neural
##### Usage
## S3 method for class 'default':
pcaNNet(x, y, thresh = 0.99, ...)
## S3 method for class 'formula':
pcaNNet(formula, data, weights, ...,
thresh = .99, subset, na.action, contrasts = NULL)## S3 method for class 'pcaNNet':
predict(object, newdata, type = c("raw", "class"), ...)
##### Arguments
formula
A formula of the form class ~ x1 + x2 + ...
x
matrix or data frame of x values for examples.
y
matrix or data frame of target values for examples.
weights
(case) weights for each example -- if missing defaults to 1.
thresh
a threshold for the cumulative proportion of variance to capture from the PCA analysis. For example, to retain enough PCA components to capture 95 percent of variation, set thresh = .95
data
Data frame from which variables specified in formula are preferentially to be taken.
subset
An index vector specifying the cases to be used in the training sample. (NOTE: If given, this argument must be named.)
na.action
A function to specify the action to be taken if NAs are found. The default action is for the procedure to fail. An alternative is na.omit, which leads to rejection of cases with missing values on any required variable. (NOTE: If given, this
contrasts
a list of contrasts to be used for some or all of the factors appearing as variables in the model formula.
object
an object of class pcaNNet as returned by pcaNNet.
newdata
matrix or data frame of test examples. A vector is considered to be a row vector comprising a single case.
type
Type of output
...
arguments passed to nnet
##### Details

The function first will run principal component analysis on the data. The cumulative percentage of variance is computed for each principal component. The function uses the thresh argument to determine how many components must be retained to capture this amount of variance in the predictors.

The principal components are then used in a neural network model.

When predicting samples, the new data are similarly transformed using the information from the PCA analysis on the training data and then predicted. Because the variance of each predictor is used in the PCA analysis, the code does a quick check to make sure that each predictor has at least two distinct values. If a predictor has one unique value, it is removed prior to the analysis.

##### Value

• For pcaNNet, an object of "pcaNNet" or "pcaNNet.formula". Items of interest in the output are:
• pcthe output from preProcess
• modelthe model generated from nnet
• namesif any predictors had only one distinct value, this is a character string of the remaining columns. Otherwise a value of NULL

##### References

Ripley, B. D. (1996) Pattern Recognition and Neural Networks. Cambridge.

nnet, preProcess

##### Aliases
• pcaNNet.default
• predict.pcaNNet
• pcaNNet.formula
• pcaNNet
##### Examples
data(BloodBrain)
modelFit <- pcaNNet(bbbDescr[, 1:10], logBBB, size = 5, linout = TRUE, trace = FALSE)
modelFit

predict(modelFit, bbbDescr[, 1:10])
Documentation reproduced from package caret, version 6.0-37, License: GPL-2

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