cliot (version 1.0.0)

acep_covid19_management: ACEP ED COVID-19 Management Tool (Severity Classification)

Description

Classifies the severity of COVID-19 infection in adult patients presenting to the Emergency Department based on the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) COVID-19 Management Tool guidelines. The classification (Mild, Moderate, Severe, Critical) is used to guide diagnostic testing, disposition, and treatment decisions.

Usage

acep_covid19_management(spo2, resp_rate, signs_of_shock_mods = FALSE,
                        resp_failure = FALSE, lower_resp_disease = FALSE,
                        infiltrates_gt_50 = FALSE, pao2_fio2 = NULL,
                        symptoms_present = TRUE)

Value

A list containing:

Severity_Classification

The assigned severity category (Mild, Moderate, Severe, Critical).

Clinical_Definition

Description of the criteria met for the classification.

Suggested_Management

General disposition and treatment recommendations based on ACEP guidelines.

Arguments

spo2

Numeric. Oxygen saturation (%) on room air.

resp_rate

Numeric. Respiratory rate in breaths per minute.

signs_of_shock_mods

Logical. Presence of septic shock or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).

resp_failure

Logical. Presence of respiratory failure requiring advanced support.

lower_resp_disease

Logical. Evidence of lower respiratory disease during clinical assessment or imaging (e.g., pneumonia).

infiltrates_gt_50

Logical. Lung infiltrates > 50% on chest imaging.

pao2_fio2

Numeric (Optional). Ratio of arterial partial pressure of oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2).

symptoms_present

Logical. Presence of any COVID-19 symptoms (fever, cough, etc.). Defaults to TRUE.

References

American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP). ACEP COVID-19 Field Guide: Emergency Department COVID-19 Management Tool. 2023 Update.

Examples

# Example 1: Severe Illness
# SpO2 92%, RR 22, Positive Infiltrates (but not >50%)
# Severity driven by Hypoxia (SpO2 < 94%)
acep_covid19_management(spo2 = 92, resp_rate = 22, lower_resp_disease = TRUE)

# Example 2: Mild Illness
# SpO2 98%, RR 16, Symptoms present, No lower respiratory disease
acep_covid19_management(spo2 = 98, resp_rate = 16, lower_resp_disease = FALSE)

# Example 3: Critical Illness
# Shock present
acep_covid19_management(spo2 = 88, resp_rate = 35, signs_of_shock_mods = TRUE)