cliot (version 1.0.0)

apfel_ponv: Apfel Score for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Description

Calculates the Apfel Score to estimate the risk of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) in adult patients undergoing inhalational anesthesia. The score ranges from 0 to 4, with each risk factor adding approximately 20% to the baseline risk.

Usage

apfel_ponv(female_sex, history_ponv_motion_sickness, non_smoker, postop_opioids)

Value

A list containing:

Apfel_Score

The total number of risk factors present (Range 0-4).

Est_Risk_PONV

The estimated probability of PONV (10%, 21%, 39%, 61%, or 79%).

Arguments

female_sex

Numeric (0 or 1). Patient is female. (1 = Yes, +1 point).

history_ponv_motion_sickness

Numeric (0 or 1). History of PONV or motion sickness. (1 = Yes, +1 point).

non_smoker

Numeric (0 or 1). Patient is a non-smoker. (1 = Yes, +1 point).

postop_opioids

Numeric (0 or 1). Expected use of postoperative opioids. (1 = Yes, +1 point).

References

Apfel CC, Laara E, Koivuranta M, Greim CA, Roewer N. A simplified risk score for predicting postoperative nausea and vomiting: conclusions from cross-validations between two centers. Anesthesiology. 1999;91(3):693-700. doi:10.1097/00000542-199909000-00022

Examples

# Example 1: High Risk
# Female, History of Motion Sickness, Non-Smoker, Getting Opioids
# Score = 4 (79% Risk)
apfel_ponv(1, 1, 1, 1)

# Example 2: Low Risk
# Male, Smoker, No Hx, No Opioids
# Score = 0 (10% Risk)
apfel_ponv(0, 0, 0, 0)