cliot (version 1.0.0)

cpot_pain_score: Critical Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT)

Description

Calculates the CPOT score, a behavioral pain assessment tool for critically ill adults who cannot self-report (e.g., sedated or intubated patients). The scale evaluates four domains: Facial Expression, Body Movements, Muscle Tension, and Compliance with Ventilator (or Vocalization for non-intubated patients). A score greater than 2 indicates significant pain.

Usage

cpot_pain_score(facial_expression, body_movements, muscle_tension,
                compliance_or_vocalization)

Value

A list containing:

CPOT_Score

The calculated total score (Range 0-8).

Interpretation

Clinical guidance ("Positive for Pain" if Score > 2).

Arguments

facial_expression

Numeric (0-2). 0: Relaxed/Neutral. 1: Tense (Frowning, brow lowering). 2: Grimacing (Tight eyelids).

body_movements

Numeric (0-2). 0: Absence of movements. 1: Protection (Slow, cautious movements, touching painful site). 2: Restlessness (Thrashing, pulling at tubes).

muscle_tension

Numeric (0-2). Assessed by passive flexion/extension of the arm. 0: Relaxed. 1: Tense/Rigid (Resistance to passive movement). 2: Very Tense/Rigid (Strong resistance).

compliance_or_vocalization

Numeric (0-2). If Intubated: 0: Tolerating ventilator (No alarms). 1: Coughing but tolerating (Alarms stop spontaneously). 2: Fighting ventilator (Asynchrony). If Extubated: 0: Normal talk/No sound. 1: Sighing/Moaning. 2: Crying/Sobbing.

References

Gélinas C, Fillion L, Puntillo KA, Viens C, Fortier M. Validation of the critical-care pain observation tool in adult patients. Am J Crit Care. 2006;15(4):420-427.

Examples

# Example 1: Significant Pain
# Grimacing (2), Restless (2), Tense (1), Fighting vent (2)
# Score = 7
cpot_pain_score(2, 2, 1, 2)

# Example 2: No Pain
# Relaxed (0), No movement (0), Relaxed muscles (0), Tolerating vent (0)
# Score = 0
cpot_pain_score(0, 0, 0, 0)