cliot (version 1.0.0)

neonatal_partial_exchange: Neonatal Partial Exchange Transfusion for Polycythemia

Description

Calculates the volume of blood to be exchanged (removed and replaced with normal saline) to treat symptomatic neonatal polycythemia. The calculation determines the volume required to lower the central hematocrit to a safe target level.

Usage

neonatal_partial_exchange(weight_kg, current_hct, desired_hct = 55,
                          blood_volume_ml_kg = 80)

Value

A list containing:

Volume_to_Exchange_mL

The calculated volume of blood to exchange for normal saline.

Total_Blood_Volume_mL

The estimated total blood volume of the infant.

Arguments

weight_kg

Numeric. The infant's weight in kilograms.

current_hct

Numeric. The infant's current central hematocrit percentage (e.g., 70).

desired_hct

Numeric. The target hematocrit percentage. Defaults to 55% (common clinical target).

blood_volume_ml_kg

Numeric. Estimated total blood volume per kilogram. Defaults to 80 mL/kg (standard estimate for term infants). Range typically 80-90 mL/kg.

Details

The formula used is: $$Volume_{exchange} = \frac{TBV \times (Hct_{current} - Hct_{desired})}{Hct_{current}}$$ Where \(TBV\) (Total Blood Volume) = \(Weight \times 80\) mL/kg.

References

Wiswell TE, Cornish JD, Northam RS. Neonatal polycythemia: frequency of clinical manifestations and other associated findings. Pediatrics. 1986;78(1):26-30.

Examples

# Example 1: Symptomatic Polycythemia
# 3.5 kg infant, Hct 70%, Target 55%
# TBV = 3.5 * 80 = 280 mL
# Exchange = (280 * (70 - 55)) / 70 = 60 mL
neonatal_partial_exchange(3.5, 70, 55)

# Example 2: Higher TBV Estimate
# 4.0 kg infant, Hct 68%, Target 50%, TBV est 90 mL/kg
neonatal_partial_exchange(4.0, 68, 50, 90)