cliot (version 1.0.0)

sich_score: Secondary Intracerebral Hemorrhage (sICH) Score

Description

Calculates the sICH score to predict the likelihood of an underlying vascular etiology (e.g., AVM, aneurysm, fistula) in patients with non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage. The score guides the decision to perform further vascular imaging (CTA, MRA, or DSA).

Usage

sich_score(ncct_probability, age, sex, history_hypertension, impaired_coagulation)

Value

A list containing:

sICH_Score

The calculated score (Range 0-6).

Risk_Probability

Estimated probability of a vascular etiology.

Recommendation

Guidance on the need for vascular imaging.

Arguments

ncct_probability

String. Assessment of vascular cause probability based on Non-Contrast CT. "high": Enlarged vessels, calcifications along margins, or venous sinus hyperattenuation (2 pts). "indeterminate": Unusual shape, edema disproportionate to time, or isolated subarachnoid hemorrhage (1 pt). "low": Typical deep/ganglionic hemorrhage without above features (0 pts).

age

Numeric. Patient age in years. 18-45: 2 pts. 46-70: 1 pt. >=71: 0 pts.

sex

String. "Male" (0 pts) or "Female" (1 pt).

history_hypertension

Numeric (0 or 1). History of hypertension. (0 = No, 1 = Yes).

impaired_coagulation

Numeric (0 or 1). Impaired coagulation (e.g., INR > 3, antiplatelet therapy). (0 = No, 1 = Yes). Note: The score adds 1 point if *neither* hypertension *nor* impaired coagulation is present.

References

Delgado Almandoz JE, Schaefer PW, Goldstein JN, et al. Practical scoring system for the identification of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage at highest risk of harboring an underlying vascular etiology: the Secondary Intracerebral Hemorrhage Score. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2010;31(9):1653-1660. doi:10.3174/ajnr.A2156

Examples

# Example 1: High Risk
# High NCCT probability (+2), 30yo (+2), Female (+1), No HTN/Coag (+1)
# Score = 6
sich_score("high", 30, "female", 0, 0)

# Example 2: Low Risk
# Low NCCT (0), 75yo (0), Male (0), History of HTN (0 pts for 'neither' condition)
# Score = 0
sich_score("low", 75, "male", 1, 0)