Wrapper function for C++ call for sample mat, check pre-conditions to prevent crash
sample_mat_c(row_ind, col_ind, mat_val, mat_l, num_inp, linht, rd, D)
list of the row indices to fill in the bandsparse matrix
list of the columns indices to fill in the bandsparse matrix
list of the values to fill in the bandsparse matrix
dimension of the band-sparse matrix
number of non-zero elements in the bandsparse matrix
T-D
vector of linear term in the sampler
T-D
vector of standard normal noise samples
the degree of differencing for changepoint