emulator (version 1.2-20)

sigmahatsquared: Estimator for sigma squared

Description

Returns maximum likelihood estimate for sigma squared. The “.A” form does not need Ainv, thus removing the need to invert A. Note that this form is slower than the other if Ainv is known in advance, as solve(.,.) is slow.

Usage

sigmahatsquared(H, Ainv, d)
sigmahatsquared.A(H, A, d)

Arguments

H

Regressor matrix (eg as returned by regressor.multi())

A

Correlation matrix (eg corr.matrix(val))

Ainv

Inverse of the correlation matrix (eg solve(corr.matrix(val)))

d

Vector of observations

Details

The formula is

$$\frac{y^T\left(A^{-1}-A^{-1}H(H^T A^{-1}H)^{-1} H^T A^{-1}\right)y}{n-q-2}$$

where \(y\) is the data vector, \(H\) the matrix whose rows are the regressor functions of the design matrix, \(A\) the correlation matrix, \(n\) the number of observations and \(q\) the number of elements in the basis function.

References

• J. Oakley and A. O'Hagan, 2002. Bayesian Inference for the Uncertainty Distribution of Computer Model Outputs, Biometrika 89(4), pp769-784

• R. K. S. Hankin 2005. Introducing BACCO, an R bundle for Bayesian analysis of computer code output, Journal of Statistical Software, 14(16)

Examples

# NOT RUN {
## First, set sigmasquared to a value that we will try to estimate at the end:
REAL.SIGMASQ <- 0.3

## First, some data:
val <- latin.hypercube(100,6)
H <- regressor.multi(val,func=regressor.basis)

## now some scales:
 fish <- c(1,1,1,1,1,4)

## A and Ainv
A <- corr.matrix(as.matrix(val),scales=fish)
Ainv <- solve(A)

## a real relation; as used in helppage for interpolant:
real.relation <- function(x){sum( (1:6)*x )}

## use the real relation:
d <- apply(val,1,real.relation)

## now add some Gaussian process noise:
d.noisy <-  as.vector(rmvnorm(n=1,mean=d, REAL.SIGMASQ*A))

## now estimate REAL.SIGMASQ:
sigmahatsquared(H,Ainv,d.noisy)

## That shouldn't be too far from the real value specified above.

## Finally, a sanity check:
sigmahatsquared(H,Ainv,d.noisy) - sigmahatsquared.A(H,A=A,d.noisy)

# }