The column index (numeric) or column name (character) of the target variable
(class label or response variable).
size
The size of the training set: either a number of observations, or a proportion
between 0 and 1.
seed
A specified seed for random number generation.
stratify
Whether the split preserves the proportions of the classes. It matters as
soon as they are imbalanced: a plain random split can leave a rare class out of one side
altogether. Ignored when the target is numeric.