iapws (version 1.1)

iapws_epsilon: IAPWS Formulations for Electrostatic Properties of Water

Description

Compute the dielectric constant, refractive index and ionization constant of water.

Usage

iapws_epsilon(rho, t)
iapws_n(rho, t, lambda)
iapws_pk(rho, t)

Value

A numeric vector.

Arguments

rho

a numeric vector giving the density values in kg/m\(^3\).

t

a numeric vector giving the temperature values in K.

lambda

a numeric vector giving the wavelenth values in \(\mu\)m.

Author

Jonathan Debove

Details

For calculating the properties as function of pressure, the function iapws95() should be employed.

References

International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam, IAPWS R8-97, Release on the Static Dielectric Constant of Ordinary Water Substance for Temperatures from 238 K to 873 K and Pressures up to 1000 MPa.

International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam, IAPWS R9-97, Release on the Refractive Index of Ordinary Water Substance as Function of Wavelength, Temperature and Pressure.

International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam, IAPWS R11-07(2019), Revised Release on the Ionization Constant of H2O.

Examples

# Dielectric constant Tab. 4
t <- c(240, 300, 300, 300, 650, 650, 650, 870, 870, 870)
rho <- iapws95("rho", t = t,
               p = c(0.1013125, 0.1013125, 10, 1000,
                     10, 100, 500, 10, 100, 500),
               state = c(rep("liquid", 4),
                         "gas", rep("supercritical", 2),
                         "gas", rep("supercritical", 2)))
tab <- iapws_epsilon(rho, t)
print(tab, digits = 6)
# \dontshow{
stopifnot(all.equal(tab, c(104.34982, 77.74735, 78.11269, 103.69632, 1.26715,
			   17.71733, 26.62132, 1.12721, 4.98281, 15.09746),
		    tolerance = 1e-7))
# }

# Refractive index Tab. 3
d <- expand.grid(t = c(0, 100, 200, 500) + 273.15,
		 p = c(0.1, 1, 10, 100),
                 lambda = c(0.2265, 0.589, 1.01398))
d$state <- iapws95_state(p = d$p, t = d$t)
d$state[d$state == "solid"] <- "liquid"
d$rho <- drop(iapws95("rho", t = d$t, p = d$p, state = d$state))
tab <- iapws_n(d$rho, d$t, d$lambda)
dim(tab) <- c(4, 4, 3)
print(tab, digits = 8)

# Ionization constant Tab. 3
tab <- iapws_pk(rho = c(1, 0.07, 0.7, 0.2, 1.2) * 1e3,
                t = c(300, 600, 600, 800, 800))
print(tab, digits = 7)
# \dontshow{
stopifnot(all.equal(tab, c(13.906565, 21.048874, 11.203153, 15.089765,
			   6.438330), tolerance = 1e-7))
# }