grad_ll

Function written in <code>C++</code> estimating the gradient of the log likelihood
function for a given parameter set and given observations.

Routines and tools for assessing the quality of content
analysis on the basis of the Iota Reliability Concept. The concept is
inspired by item response theory and can be applied to any kind of
content analysis which uses a standardized coding scheme and discrete
categories. It is also applicable for content analysis conducted by
artificial intelligence. The package provides reliability measures
for a complete scale as well as for every single category. Analysis of
subgroup-invariance and error corrections are implemented. This
information can support the development process of a coding scheme and
allows a detailed inspection of the quality of the generated data.
Equations and formulas working in this package are part of Berding et
al. (2022)<doi:10.3389/feduc.2022.818365> and Berding and Pargmann
(2022) <doi:10.30819/5581>.

Berding Florian

iotarelr

Iota Inter Coder Reliability for Content Analysis

Pargmann Julia

grad_ll function

<dl><dt>param_values</dt>
<dd><code>NumericVector</code> containing the probabilities of
a multinominal distribution. The length of this factor is the number of
categories - 1 since it contains only the parameters to be estimated.</dd>
<dt>observations</dt>
<dd><code>NumericVector</code> containing the number of
observations for each category of the multinominal distribution. The length
of this vector equals the number of categories.</dd></dl>

Arguments

Gradient for Log Likelihood in Condition Stage — grad_ll

<dl>

<dt>param_values</dt>
<dd><code>NumericVector</code> containing the probabilities of
a multinominal distribution. The length of this factor is the number of
categories - 1 since it contains only the parameters to be estimated.</dd>


<dt>observations</dt>
<dd><code>NumericVector</code> containing the number of
observations for each category of the multinominal distribution. The length
of this vector equals the number of categories.</dd>

</dl>

grad_ll: Gradient for Log Likelihood in Condition Stage

Description

Usage

Value

Arguments

References