# silva2016

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##### Individual Tree Segmentation Algorithm

This functions is made to be used in lastrees. It implements an algorithm for tree segmentation based on the Silva et al. (2016) article (see reference). This is a simple method based on seed + voronoi tesselation (equivalent to nearest neighbour). This algorithm is implemented in the package rLiDAR. This version is not the version from rLiDAR. It is code written from the original article by the lidR authors and is considerably (between 250 and 1000 times) faster.

##### Usage
silva2016(chm, treetops, max_cr_factor = 0.6, exclusion = 0.3,
ID = "treeID")
##### Arguments
chm

RasterLayer. Image of the canopy. Can be computed with grid_canopy or read from an external file.

treetops

SpatialPointsDataFrame. Can be computed with tree_detection or read from an external shapefile.

max_cr_factor

numeric. Maximum value of a crown diameter given as a proportion of the tree height. Default is 0.6, meaning 60% of the tree height.

exclusion

numeric. For each tree, pixels with an elevation lower than exclusion multiplied by the tree height will be removed. Thus, this number belongs between 0 and 1.

ID

character. If the SpatialPointsDataFrame contains an attribute with the ID for each tree, the name of this column. This way, original IDs will be preserved. If there is no such data trees will be numbered sequentially.

##### Details

Because this algorithm works on a CHM only there is no actual need for a point cloud. Sometimes the user does not even have the point cloud that generated the CHM. lidR is a point cloud-oriented library, which is why this algorithm must be used in lastrees to merge the result into the point cloud. However, the user can use this as a stand-alone function like this:

 chm = raster("file/to/a/chm/")
ttops = tree_detection(chm, lmf(3))
crowns = silva2016(chm, ttops)()


##### References

Silva, C. A., Hudak, A. T., Vierling, L. A., Loudermilk, E. L., O<U+2019>Brien, J. J., Hiers, J. K., Khosravipour, A. (2016). Imputation of Individual Longleaf Pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) Tree Attributes from Field and LiDAR Data. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 42(5), 554<U+2013>573. https://doi.org/10.1080/07038992.2016.1196582.

Other individual tree segmentation algorithms: dalponte2016, li2012, watershed

Other raster based tree segmentation algorithms: dalponte2016, watershed

• silva2016
##### Examples
# NOT RUN {
LASfile <- system.file("extdata", "MixedConifer.laz", package="lidR")
las <- readLAS(LASfile, select = "xyz", filter = "-drop_z_below 0")
col <- pastel.colors(200)

chm <- grid_canopy(las, res = 0.5, p2r(0.3))
ker <- matrix(1,3,3)
chm <- raster::focal(chm, w = ker, fun = mean, na.rm = TRUE)

ttops <- tree_detection(chm, lmf(4, 2))
las   <- lastrees(las, silva2016(chm, ttops))
plot(las, color = "treeID", colorPalette = col)
# }

Documentation reproduced from package lidR, version 2.0.0, License: GPL-3

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