# stdmetrics

0th

Percentile

##### Predefined standard metrics functions

Predefined functions usable in grid_metrics, grid_hexametrics, lasmetrics, tree_metrics, and their convenient shortcuts. The philosophy of the lidR package is to provide an easy way to compute user-defined metrics rather than to provide them. However, for efficiency and to save time, a set of standard metrics has been predefined. To use these functions please read the details and examples sections.

Keywords
datasets
##### Usage
stdmetrics(x, y, z, i, a, rn, class, dz = 1, th = 2).stdmetricsstdmetrics_z(z, dz = 1, th = 2).stdmetrics_zstdmetrics_i(i, z = NULL, class = NULL, rn = NULL).stdmetrics_istdmetrics_rn(rn, class = NULL).stdmetrics_rnstdmetrics_pulse(pulseID, rn).stdmetrics_pulsestdmetrics_ctrl(x, y, z, a).stdmetrics_ctrlstdtreemetrics(x, y, z).stdtreemetrics
##### Arguments
x, y, z, i, a

Coordinates of the points, Intensity and ScanAngle

rn, class

ReturnNumber, Classification

dz

numeric. Layer thickness metric entropy

th

numeric. Threshold for metrics pzabovex. Can be a vector to compute with several thresholds.

pulseID

The number referencing each pulse

##### Details

The function names, their parameters and the output names of the metrics rely on a nomenclature chosen for brevity:

• z: refers to the elevation

• i: refers to the intensity

• rn: refers to the return number

• q: refers to quantile

• a: refers to the ScanAngle

• n: refers to a number (a count)

• p: refers to a percentage

For example the metric named zq60 refers to the elevation, quantile, 60 i.e. the 60th percentile of elevations. The metric pground refers to a percentage. It is the percentage of points classified as ground. The function stdmetric_i refers to metrics of intensity. A description of each existing metric can be found on the lidR wiki page. Some functions have optional parameters. If these parameters are not provided the function computes only a subset of existing metrics. For example, stdmetrics_i requires the intensity values, but if the elevation values are also provided it can compute additional metrics such as cumulative intensity at a given percentile of height. Each function has a convenient associated variable. It is the name of the function, with a dot before the name. This enables the function to be used without writing parameters. The cost of such a feature is inflexibility. It corresponds to a predefined behavior (see examples) stdtreemetrics is a special function that works with tree_metrics. Actually, it won't fail with other functions but the output makes more sense if computed at the individual tree level.

##### Format

An object of class formula of length 2.

##### Aliases
• stdmetrics
• .stdmetrics
• stdmetrics_z
• .stdmetrics_z
• stdmetrics_i
• .stdmetrics_i
• stdmetrics_rn
• .stdmetrics_rn
• stdmetrics_pulse
• .stdmetrics_pulse
• stdmetrics_ctrl
• .stdmetrics_ctrl
• stdtreemetrics
• .stdtreemetrics
##### Examples
# NOT RUN {
LASfile <- system.file("extdata", "Megaplot.laz", package="lidR")
las = readLAS(LASfile, select = "*")

# All the predefined metrics
m1 = grid_metrics(las, stdmetrics(X,Y,Z,Intensity,ScanAngle,ReturnNumber,Classification,dz=1))

# Convenient shortcut
m2 = grid_metrics(las, .stdmetrics)

# Basic metrics from intensities
m3 = grid_metrics(las, stdmetrics_i(Intensity))

# All the metrics from intensities
m4 = grid_metrics(las, stdmetrics_i(Intensity, Z, Classification, ReturnNumber))

# Convenient shortcut for the previous example
m5 = grid_metrics(las, .stdmetrics_i)

# Compute the metrics only on first return
first = lasfilterfirst(las)
m6 = grid_metrics(first, .stdmetrics_z)

# Compute the metrics with a threshold at 2 meters
over2 = lasfilter(las, Z > 2)
m7 = grid_metrics(over2, .stdmetrics_z)

# Works also with lasmetrics and grid_hexametrics
m8 = lasmetrics(las, .stdmetrics)
m9 = grid_hexametrics(las, .stdmetrics)

# Combine some predefined function with your own new metrics
# Here convenient shortcuts are no longer usable.
myMetrics = function(z, i, rn)
{
first  = rn == 1L
zfirst = z[first]
nfirst = length(zfirst)
above2 = sum(z > 2)

x = above2/nfirst*100

# User's metrics
metrics = list(
above2aboven1st = x,       # Num of returns above 2 divided by num of 1st returns
zimean  = mean(z*i),       # Mean products of z by intensity
zsqmean = sqrt(mean(z^2))  # Quadratic mean of z
)

# Combined with standard metrics
return( c(metrics, stdmetrics_z(z)) )
}

m10 = grid_metrics(las, myMetrics(Z, Intensity, ReturnNumber))

# Users can write their own convenient shorcuts like this:
.myMetrics = ~myMetrics(Z, Intensity, ReturnNumber)

m11 = grid_metrics(las, .myMetrics)
# }

Documentation reproduced from package lidR, version 2.0.0, License: GPL-3

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