Calculates the direct beam solar energy received on a horizontal surface between specified start and end times. Implements Equation 19 from Appelbaum & Flood (1990).
I_bh(Ls, phi, tau, Ts_start, Ts_end)Beam insolation over specified time period [Wh/m²]
Areocentric longitude [deg]
Planetary latitude [deg]
Atmospheric optical depth (dimensionless)
Start of integration period [h]
End of integration period [h]