# percentages

0th

Percentile

##### Easy Creation of Tables of Percentages

The generic function percentages and its methods create one- or multidimensional tables of percentages. As such, the function percentages can be viewed as a convenience interface to prop.table. However, it also allows to obtain standard errors and confidence intervals.

##### Usage
percentages(obj, …)
# S3 method for table
percentages(obj,
by=NULL, which=NULL, se=FALSE, ci=FALSE, ci.level=.95, …)
# S3 method for formula
percentages(obj,
data=parent.frame(), weights=NULL, …)
# S3 method for percentage.table
as.data.frame(x, …)
# S3 method for xpercentage.table
as.data.frame(x, …)
##### Arguments
obj

an object; a contingency table or a formula. If it is a formula, its left-hand side determines the factor or combination of factors for which percentages are computed while its right-hand side determines the factor or combination of factors that define the groups within which percentages are computed.

by

a character vector with the names of the factor variables that define the groups within which percentages are computed. Percentages sum to 100 within combination of levels of these factors.

which

a character vector with the names of the factor variables for which percentages are computed.

se

a logical value; determines whether standard errors are computed.

ci

a logical value; determines whether confidence intervals are computed. Note that the confidence intervals are for infinite (or very large) populations.

ci.level

a numerical value, the required confidence level of the confidence intervals.

data

a contingency table (an object that inherits from "table") or a data frame or an object coercable into a data frame.

weights

an optional vector of weights. Should be NULL or a numeric vector.

x

an object coerced into a data frame.

Further arguments, ignored.

##### Value

An array that inherits classes "percentage.table" and "table". If percentages was called with se=TRUE or ci=TRUE then the result additionally inherits class "xpercentage.table".

##### Aliases
• percentages
• percentages.formula
• percentages.table
• as.data.frame.percentage.table
• as.data.frame.xpercentage.table
##### Examples
# NOT RUN {
# Two equivalent ways to create the same table

# Three equivalent ways to create the same table
# Percentage table as data frame
as.data.frame(p0)

# Three equivalent ways to create the same table

# Three equivalent ways to create the same table
weights=Freq)

# Standard errors and confidence intervals