nlme (version 3.1-86)

residuals.lmeStruct: Calculate lmeStruct Residuals

Description

The residuals at level $i$ are obtained by subtracting the fitted values at that level from the response vector. The fitted values at level $i$ are obtained by adding together the population fitted values (based only on the fixed effects estimates) and the estimated contributions of the random effects to the fitted values at grouping levels less or equal to $i$.

Usage

## S3 method for class 'lmeStruct':
residuals(object, level, conLin, lmeFit, \dots)

Arguments

Value

if a single level of grouping is specified in level, the returned value is a vector with the residuals at the desired level; else, when multiple grouping levels are specified in level, the returned object is a matrix with columns given by the residuals at different levels.

References

Bates, D.M. and Pinheiro, J.C. (1998) "Computational methods for multilevel models" available in PostScript or PDF formats at http://franz.stat.wisc.edu/pub/NLME/

See Also

lme, residuals.lme, fitted.lmeStruct