Calculates the gradient function of a model with respect to the parameters, char_vars, evaluates
it at the provided values and returns the result as a function of the variable x.
gradient(model, char_vars, values, weight_fun = function(x) 1)A function depending on x that's the gradient of the model with respect to char_vars
formula describing the model, which must contain only x, the parameters defined in
char_vars and the numerical operators.
character vector of the parameters of the model.
numeric vector with the nominal values of the parameters in char_vars.
optional function variable that represents the square of the structure of variance, in case of heteroscedastic variance of the response