income
Income distribution (percentages) in the Northeast US
Income distribution (percentages) in the Northeast US in 1960 and 1970 adopted from McCullagh (1980).
- Keywords
- datasets
Usage
income
Format
year
year.
pct
percentage of population in income class per year.
income
income groups. The unit is thousands of constant (1973) US dollars.
References
McCullagh, P. (1980) Regression Models for Ordinal Data. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B (Methodological), Vol. 42, No. 2., pp. 109-142.
Examples
# NOT RUN {
print(income)
## Convenient table:
(tab <- xtabs(pct ~ year + income, income))
## small rounding error in 1970:
rowSums(tab)
## compare link functions via the log-likelihood:
links <- c("logit", "probit", "cloglog", "loglog", "cauchit")
sapply(links, function(link) {
clm(income ~ year, data=income, weights=pct, link=link)$logLik })
## a heavy tailed (cauchy) or left skew (cloglog) latent distribution
## is fitting best.
## The data are defined as:
income.levels <- c(0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15)
income <- paste(income.levels, c(rep("-", 6), "+"),
c(income.levels[-1], ""), sep = "")
income <-
data.frame(year=factor(rep(c("1960", "1970"), each = 7)),
pct = c(6.5, 8.2, 11.3, 23.5, 15.6, 12.7, 22.2,
4.3, 6, 7.7, 13.2, 10.5, 16.3, 42.1),
income=factor(rep(income, 2), ordered=TRUE,
levels=income))
# }
Community examples
Looks like there are no examples yet.