if TRUE, return standard errors of parameter estimates from the
hessian matrix
Functions
opt.joint.URW(): fit the URW model by the Joint parameterization
opt.joint.Stasis(): fit the Stasis model by the Joint parameterization
opt.joint.StrictStasis(): fit the Strict Stasis model by the Joint parameterization
Details
These functions use the joint distribution of population means to fit models
using a full maximum-likelihood approach. This approach was found to have somewhat
better performance than the "AD" approach, especially for noisy trends (Hunt, 2008).
References
Hunt, G., M. J. Hopkins and S. Lidgard. 2015. Simple versus complex models of trait evolution
and stasis as a response to environmental change. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 112(16): 4885-4890.