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psych (version 1.6.9)

Procedures for Psychological, Psychometric, and Personality Research

Description

A general purpose toolbox for personality, psychometric theory and experimental psychology. Functions are primarily for multivariate analysis and scale construction using factor analysis, principal component analysis, cluster analysis and reliability analysis, although others provide basic descriptive statistics. Item Response Theory is done using factor analysis of tetrachoric and polychoric correlations. Functions for analyzing data at multiple levels include within and between group statistics, including correlations and factor analysis. Functions for simulating and testing particular item and test structures are included. Several functions serve as a useful front end for structural equation modeling. Graphical displays of path diagrams, factor analysis and structural equation models are created using basic graphics. Some of the functions are written to support a book on psychometric theory as well as publications in personality research. For more information, see the personality-project.org/r web page.

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install.packages('psych')

Monthly Downloads

242,751

Version

1.6.9

License

GPL (>= 2)

Maintainer

William Revelle

Last Published

September 7th, 2016

Functions in psych (1.6.9)

11 emotional variables from Burt (1915)

16 ability items scored as correct or incorrect.

Bock and Liberman (1970) data set of 1000 observations of the LSAT

Draw biplots of factor or component scores by factor or component loadings

Find two estimates of reliability: Cronbach's alpha and Guttman's Lambda 6.

Seven data sets showing a bifactor solution.

25 Personality items representing 5 factors

Draw pairs of bargraphs based on two groups

Bond's Logical Operations Test -- BLOT

Two data sets of affect and arousal scores as a function of personality and movie conditions

cluster.loadings

Find item by cluster correlations, corrected for overlap and reliability

Bootstrapped confidence intervals for raw and composite correlations

Convert a cluster vector (from e.g., kmeans) to a keys matrix suitable for scoring item clusters.

Apply four tests of circumplex versus simple structure

Convert base rates of two diagnoses and their comorbidity into phi, Yule, and tetrachorics

cluster Fit: fit of the cluster model to a correlation matrix

Plot factor/cluster loadings and assign items to clusters by their highest loading.

Find correlations of composite variables (corrected for overlap) from a larger matrix.

Distances between 11 US cities

Create an image plot for a correlation or factor matrix

Convert correlations to distances (necessary to do multidimensional scaling of correlation data)

Find the correlations, sample sizes, and probability values between elements of a matrix or data.frame.

Functions for analysis of circadian or diurnal data

Count number of pairwise cases for a data set with missing (NA) data.

Smooth a non-positive definite correlation matrix to make it positive definite

Chi square tests of whether a single matrix is an identity matrix, or a pair of matrices are equal.

The sample size weighted correlation may be used in correlating aggregated data

Simulate the C(ues) T(endency) A(ction) model of motivation

Find dis-attenuated correlations given correlations and reliabilities

cortest.bartlett

Bartlett's test that a correlation matrix is an identity matrix

Create a 'violin plot' or density plot of the distribution of a set of variables

Convert eigen vectors and eigen values to the more normal (for psychologists) component loadings

Draw a correlation ellipse and two normal curves to demonstrate tetrachoric correlation

Galton's example of the relationship between height and 'cubit' or forearm length

8 cognitive variables used by Dwyer for an example.

Create dummy coded variables

A data set from Cushny and Peebles (1905) on the effect of three drugs on hours of sleep, used by Student (1908)

Basic summary statistics by group

Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams

Convert a data frame, correlation matrix, or factor analysis output to a LaTeX table

Two way plots of means, error bars, and sample sizes

Show a dot.chart with error bars for different groups or variables

Plot x and y error bars

Plot means and confidence intervals

13 personality scales from the Eysenck Personality Inventory and Big 5 inventory

Plot data and 1 and 2 sigma correlation ellipses

Graph factor loading matrices

Plot means and confidence intervals for multiple groups

Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) data for 3570 participants

Apply Dwyer's factor extension to find factor loadings for extended variables

factor.residuals

``Hand" rotate a factor loading matrix

Combine calls to head and tail

Find the geometric mean of a vector or columns of a data.frame.

Example data from Gleser, Cronbach and Rajaratnam (1965) to show basic principles of generalizability theory.

Plot probability of multiple choice responses as a function of a latent trait

A data.frame of the Galton (1888) height and cubit data set.

Apply the Kaiser normalization when rotating factors

factor.congruence

Coefficient of factor congruence

Sort factor analysis or principal components analysis loadings

Harman.political

Eight political variables used by Harman (1967) as example 8.17

Find the harmonic mean of a vector, matrix, or columns of a data.frame

Find the Kaiser, Meyer, Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy

Find Cohen's kappa and weighted kappa coefficients for correlation of two raters

Find the phi coefficient of correlation between two dichotomous variables

75 mood items from the Motivational State Questionnaire for 3896 participants

Find correlations for mixtures of continuous, polytomous, and dichotomous variables

Correlations of eight physical variables (from Harman, 1966)

Two data sets from Harman (1967). 9 cognitive variables from Holzinger and 8 emotional variables from Burt

iclust: Item Cluster Analysis -- Hierarchical cluster analysis using psychometric principles

Draw an ICLUST graph using the Rgraphviz package

Combine two square matrices to have a lower off diagonal for one, upper off diagonal for the other

Create a keys matrix for use by score.items or cluster.cor

NEO correlation matrix from the NEO_PI_R manual

Principal components analysis (PCA)

Graph hierarchical factor structures

Print and summary functions for the psych class

Find R = F F' + U2 is the basic factor model

How well does the factor model fit a correlation matrix. Part of the VSS package

Transformations of r including Fisher r to z and z to r and confidence intervals

Galton's Mid parent child height data

Draw an ICLUST hierarchical cluster structure diagram

create control code for ICLUST graphical output

Find the interpolated sample median, quartiles, or specific quantiles for a vector, matrix, or data frame

16 multiple choice IQ items

Calculate McDonald's omega estimates of general and total factor saturation

Find and graph Mahalanobis squared distances to detect outliers

SPLOM, histograms and correlations for a data matrix

Find the partial correlations for a set (x) of variables with set (y) removed.

Perform bifactor, promax or targeted rotations and return the inter factor angles.

Tests of significance for correlations

12 variables created by Schmid and Leiman to show the Schmid-Leiman Transformation

Generate simulated data structures for circumplex, spherical, or simple structure

sim.hierarchical

Create a population or sample correlation matrix, perhaps with hierarchical structure.

Paired comparison of preferences for 9 vegetables

Apply the Very Simple Structure, MAP, and other criteria to determine the appropriate number of factors.

A simple demonstration of the Pearson, phi, and polychoric corelation

polychor.matrix

Phi or Yule coefficient matrix to polychoric coefficient matrix

Prediction function for factor analysis or principal components

Test the adequacy of simple choice, logistic, or Thurstonian scaling.

Draw a scatter plot with associated X and Y histograms, densitie and correlation

Simulate a congeneric data set

Simulate a 3 way balanced ANOVA or linear model, with or without repeated measures.

Various ways to estimate factor scores for the factor analysis model

Create factor model matrices from an input list

Sort items by absolute size of cluster loadings

Extract cluster definitions from factor loadings

US family income from US census 2008

irt.item.diff.rasch

Simple function to estimate item difficulties using IRT concepts

Item Response Theory estimate of theta (ability) using a Rasch (like) model

Form a super matrix from two sub matrices.

matrix.addition

A function to add two vectors or matrices

Sort the elements of a correlation matrix to reflect factor loadings

Test the difference between (un)paired correlations

Find the probability of replication for an F, t, or r and estimate effect size

residuals.psych

Extract residuals from various psych objects

Function to convert scores to ``conventional " metrics

The Schutz correlation matrix example from Shapiro and ten Berge

Score scales and find Cronbach's alpha as well as associated statistics

A utility for basic data cleaning and recoding. Changes values outside of minimum and maximum limits to NA.

score.multiple.choice

Score multiple choice items and provide basic test statistics

Convert a table with counts to a matrix or data.frame representing those counts.

An example of the distinction between within group and between group correlations

Testing of functions in the psych package

From a two by two table, find the Yule coefficients of association, convert to phi, or tetrachoric, recreate table the table to create the Yule coefficient.

Exploratory Factor analysis using MinRes (minimum residual) as well as EFA by Principal Axis, Weighted Least Squares or Maximum Likelihood

Example data set from Gorsuch (1997) for an example factor extension.

Scree plots of data or correlation matrix compared to random ``parallel" matrices

5 socio-economic variables from Harman (1967)

Function to form hierarchical cluster analysis of items

Intraclass Correlations (ICC1, ICC2, ICC3 from Shrout and Fleiss)

Find von Neuman's Mean Square of Successive Differences

Multiple histograms with density and normal fits on one page

Find Item Response Theory (IRT) based scores for dichotomous or polytomous items

Find the Standard deviation for a vector, matrix, or data.frame - do not return error if there are no cases

Score item composite scales and find Cronbach's alpha, Guttman lambda 6 and item whole correlations

Set Correlation and Multiple Regression from matrix or raw input

Make "radar" or "spider" plots.

structure.diagram

Draw a structural equation model specified by two measurement models and a structural model

Compare real and random VSS solutions

Convert a phi coefficient to a tetrachoric correlation

Tetrachoric, polychoric, biserial and polyserial correlations from various types of input

Find the trace of a square matrix

Thurstone Case V scaling

9 Cognitive variables discussed by Tucker and Lewis (1973)

Plotting functions for the psych package of class ``psych"

Convert Cartesian factor loadings into polar coordinates

Shortcuts for reading from the clipboard or a file

rangeCorrection

Correct correlations for restriction of range. (Thorndike Case 2)

Create correlation matrices or data matrices with a particular measurement and structural model

3 Measures of ability: SATV, SATQ, ACT

Reverse the coding of selected items prior to scale analysis

create VSS like data

simulation.circ

Simulations of circumplex and simple structure

Find the Squared Multiple Correlation (SMC) of each variable with the remaining variables in a matrix

Plot the successive eigen values for a scree test

Find the Winsorized scores, means, sds or variances for a vector, matrix, or data.frame