Computes the deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium following Caballero and Toro (2000).
hwd(ped, reference = NULL)
A numeric value indicating the deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
A dataframe containing the pedigree. Individual (id), maternal (dam), and paternal (sire) identities are mandatory columns.
A string naming a column indicating whether individuals belong to the reference population or not. Column must be boolean or coercible to boolean type.
Caballero A, Toro M. 2000. Interrelations between effective population size and other pedigree tools for the management of conserved populations. Genet. Res. 75: 331-343.
pop_Ne