render_depth: Render Depth of Field

Description

Adds depth of field to the current RGL scene by simulating a synthetic aperture.

The size of the circle of confusion is determined by the following formula (z_depth is from the image's depth map).

abs(z_depth-focus)*focal_length^2/(f_stop*z_depth*(focus - focal_length))

Usage

render_depth(
  focus = NULL,
  focallength = 100,
  fstop = 4,
  filename = NULL,
  preview_focus = FALSE,
  bokehshape = "circle",
  bokehintensity = 1,
  bokehlimit = 0.8,
  rotation = 0,
  aberration = 0,
  transparent_water = FALSE,
  heightmap = NULL,
  zscale = NULL,
  title_text = NULL,
  title_offset = c(20, 20),
  title_color = "black",
  title_size = 30,
  title_font = "sans",
  title_bar_color = NA,
  title_bar_alpha = 0.5,
  title_just = "left",
  image_overlay = NULL,
  vignette = FALSE,
  vignette_color = "black",
  vignette_radius = 1.3,
  progbar = interactive(),
  software_render = FALSE,
  width = NULL,
  height = NULL,
  camera_location = NULL,
  camera_lookat = c(0, 0, 0),
  background = "white",
  text_angle = NULL,
  text_size = 10,
  text_offset = c(0, 0, 0),
  point_radius = 0.5,
  line_offset = 1e-07,
  cache_scene = FALSE,
  reset_scene_cache = FALSE,
  print_scene_info = FALSE,
  instant_capture = interactive(),
  clear = FALSE,
  bring_to_front = FALSE,
  ...
)

Value

4-layer RGBA array.

Arguments

focus: Focal point. Defaults to the center of the bounding box. Depth in which to blur, in distance to the camera plane.
focallength: Default 1. Focal length of the virtual camera.
fstop: Default 1. F-stop of the virtual camera.
filename: The filename of the image to be saved. If this is not given, the image will be plotted instead.
preview_focus: Default FALSE. If TRUE, a red line will be drawn across the image showing where the camera will be focused.
bokehshape: Default circle. Also built-in: hex. The shape of the bokeh.
bokehintensity: Default 3. Intensity of the bokeh when the pixel intensity is greater than bokehlimit.
bokehlimit: Default 0.8. Limit after which the bokeh intensity is increased by bokehintensity.
rotation: Default 0. Number of degrees to rotate the hexagon bokeh shape.
aberration: Default 0. Adds chromatic aberration to the image. Maximum of 1.
transparent_water: Default FALSE. If TRUE, depth is determined without water layer. User will have to re-render the water layer with render_water() if they want to recreate the water layer.
heightmap: Default NULL. The height matrix for the scene. Passing this will allow render_depth() to automatically redraw the water layer if transparent_water = TRUE.
zscale: Default NULL. The zscale value for the heightmap. Passing this will allow render_depth() to automatically redraw the water layer if transparent_water = TRUE.
title_text: Default NULL. Text. Adds a title to the image, using magick::image_annotate.
title_offset: Default c(20,20). Distance from the top-left (default, gravity direction in image_annotate) corner to offset the title.
title_color: Default black. Font color.
title_size: Default 30. Font size in pixels.
title_font: Default sans. String with font family such as "sans", "mono", "serif", "Times", "Helvetica", "Trebuchet", "Georgia", "Palatino" or "Comic Sans".
title_bar_color: Default NA. If a color, this will create a colored bar under the title.
title_bar_alpha: Default 0.5. Transparency of the title bar.
title_just: Default left. Justification of the title.
image_overlay: Default NULL. Either a string indicating the location of a png image to overlay over the image (transparency included), or a 4-layer RGBA array. This image will be resized to the dimension of the image if it does not match exactly.
vignette: Default FALSE. If TRUE or numeric, a camera vignetting effect will be added to the image. 1 is the darkest vignetting, while 0 is no vignetting. If vignette is a length-2 vector, the second entry will control the blurriness of the vignette effect.
vignette_color: Default "black". Color of the vignette.
vignette_radius: Default 1.3. Radius of the vignette, as a porportion of the image dimensions.
progbar: Default TRUE if in an interactive session. Displays a progress bar.
software_render: Default FALSE. If TRUE, rayshader will use the rayvertex package to render the snapshot, which is not constrained by the screen size or requires OpenGL.
width: Default NULL. Optional argument to pass to rgl::snapshot3d() to specify the width when software_render = TRUE..
height: Default NULL. Optional argument to pass to rgl::snapshot3d() to specify the height when software_render = TRUE.
camera_location: Default NULL. Custom position of the camera. The FOV, width, and height arguments will still be derived from the rgl window.
camera_lookat: Default NULL. Custom point at which the camera is directed. The FOV, width, and height arguments will still be derived from the rgl window.
background: Default "white". Background color when software_render = TRUE.
text_angle: Default NULL, which forces the text always to face the camera. If a single angle (degrees), will specify the absolute angle all the labels are facing. If three angles, this will specify all three orientations (relative to the x,y, and z axes) of the text labels.
text_size: Default 10. Height of the text.
text_offset: Default c(0,0,0). Offset to be applied to all text labels.
point_radius: Default 0.5. Radius of 3D points (rendered with render_points().
line_offset: Default 1e-7. Small number indicating the offset in the scene to apply to lines if using software rendering. Increase this if your lines aren't showing up, or decrease it if lines are appearing through solid objects.
cache_scene: Default FALSE. Whether to cache the current scene to memory so it does not have to be converted to a raymesh object each time render_snapshot() is called. If TRUE and a scene has been cached, it will be used when rendering.
reset_scene_cache: Default FALSE. Resets the scene cache before rendering.
print_scene_info: Default FALSE. If TRUE, it will print the position and lookat point of the camera.
instant_capture: Default TRUE if interactive, FALSE otherwise. If FALSE, a slight delay is added before taking the snapshot. This can help stop prevent rendering issues when running scripts.
clear: Default FALSE. If TRUE, the current rgl device will be cleared.
bring_to_front: Default FALSE. Whether to bring the window to the front when rendering the snapshot.
...: Additional parameters to pass to rayvertex::rasterize_scene().

Examples

Run this code

if(run_documentation()) {
montereybay |>
 sphere_shade() |>
 plot_3d(montereybay,zscale=50, water=TRUE, waterlinecolor="white",
         zoom=0.3,theta=-135,fov=70, phi=20)

#Preview where the focal plane lies
render_depth(preview_focus=TRUE)
}
if(run_documentation()) {
#Render the depth of field effect
render_depth(focallength = 300)
}
if(run_documentation()) {
#Add a chromatic aberration effect
render_depth(focallength = 300, aberration = 0.3)
}
if(run_documentation()) {
#Render the depth of field effect, ignoring water and re-drawing the waterlayer
render_depth(preview_focus=TRUE,
            heightmap = montereybay, zscale=50, focallength=300, transparent_water=TRUE)
render_depth(heightmap = montereybay, zscale=50, focallength=300, transparent_water=TRUE)
render_camera(theta=45,zoom=0.15,phi=20)
}

if(run_documentation()) {
#Change the bokeh shape and intensity
render_depth(focus=900, bokehshape = "circle",focallength=500,bokehintensity=30,
            title_text = "Circular Bokeh", title_size = 30, title_color = "white",
            title_bar_color = "black")
render_depth(focus=900, bokehshape = "hex",focallength=500,bokehintensity=30,
            title_text = "Hexagonal Bokeh", title_size = 30, title_color = "white",
            title_bar_color = "black")
}

if(run_documentation()) {
#Add a title and vignette effect.
render_camera(theta=0,zoom=0.7,phi=30)
render_depth(focallength = 250, title_text = "Monterey Bay, CA",
            title_size = 20, title_color = "white", title_bar_color = "black", vignette = TRUE)
}

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