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ream

Calculate the probability density functions (PDFs) for two threshold evidence accumulation models (EAMs). These are defined using the following Stochastic Differential Equation (SDE),

$dx(t) = v(x(t),t)*dt+D(x(t),t)*dW,$

where $x(t)$ is the accumulated evidence at time $t$, $v(x(t),t)$ is the drift rate, $D(x(t),t)$ is the noise scale, and $W$ is the standard Wiener process. The boundary conditions of this process are the upper and lower decision thresholds, represented by $b_u(t)$ and $b_l(t)$, respectively. Upper threshold $b_u(t) > 0$, while lower threshold $b_l(t) < 0$. The initial condition of this process $x(0) = z$ where $b_l(t) < z < b_u(t)$. We represent this as the relative start point $w = z/(b_u(0)-b_l(0))$, defined as a ratio of the initial threshold location. This package generates the PDF using the same approach as the Python package it is based upon, PyBEAM by Murrow and Holmes (2023) doi:10.3758/s13428-023-02162-w. First, it converts the SDE model into the forwards Fokker-Planck equation

$dp(x,t)/dt = d(v(x,t)*p(x,t))/dt-0.5*d^2(D(x,t)^2*p(x,t))/dx^2,$

then solves this equation using the Crank-Nicolson method to determine $p(x,t)$. Finally, it calculates the flux at the decision thresholds, $f_i(t) = 0.5*d(D(x,t)^2*p(x,t))/dx$ evaluated at $x = b_i(t)$, where $i$ is the relevant decision threshold, either upper ($i = u$) or lower ($i = l$). The flux at each thresholds $f_i(t)$ is the PDF for each threshold, specifically its PDF. We discuss further details of this approach in this package and PyBEAM publications. Additionally, one can calculate the cumulative distribution functions of and sampling from the EAMs.

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install.packages('ream')

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166

Version

1.0-10

License

GPL (>= 2)

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Maintainer

Raphael Hartmann

Last Published

December 19th, 2025

Functions in ream (1.0-10)

RTM

Rational Threshold Model
dDDM_grid

Generate Grid for PDF of the 7 Parameter Drift Diffusion Model
SSP

Shrinking Spotlight Model
RDMC

Revised Diffusion Model of Conflict Tasks
SDDM

Simple Drift Diffusion Model
UGM

Urgency Gating Model
UGMF

Urgency Gating Model With Flip
dLTM_grid

Generate Grid for PDF of the Linear Threshold Model
WTM

Weibull Threshold Model
WDSTP

Weibull Dual-Stage Two-Phase Model of Selective Attention
dRDMC_grid

Generate Grid for PDF of the Revised Diffusion Model of Conflict Tasks
SDPM

Sequential Dual Process Model
dPAM_grid

Generate Grid for PDF of Piecewise Attention Model
dSDPM_grid

Generate Grid for PDF of the Sequential Dual Process Model
dETM_grid

Generate Grid for PDF of the Exponential Threshold Model
dLIM_grid

Generate Grid for PDF of the Leaky Integration Model
dLIMF_grid

Generate Grid for PDF of the Leaky Integration Model With Flip
dDMC_grid

Generate Grid for PDF of Diffusion Model of Conflict Tasks
dRTM_grid

Generate Grid for PDF of the Rational Threshold Model
dSDDM_grid

Generate Grid for PDF of the Simple Drift Diffusion Model
dWTM_grid

Generate Grid for PDF of the Weibull Threshold Model
dUGM_grid

Generate Grid for PDF of the Urgency Gating Model
dWDSTP_grid

Generate Grid for PDF of the Weibull Dual-Stage Two-Phase Model of Selective Attention
dUGMF_grid

Generate Grid for PDF of the Urgency Gating Model With Flip
dSSP_grid

Generate Grid for PDF of the Shrinking Spotlight Model
CSTM_TX

Custom Time- and Evidence-Dependent Drift Diffusion Model
LIMF

Leaky Integration Model With Flip
LIM

Leaky Integration Model
LTM

Linear Threshold Model
CSTM_TW

Custom Time- and Weight-Dependent Drift Diffusion Model
ETM

Exponential Threshold Model
CSTM_T

Custom Time-Dependent Drift Diffusion Model
DMC

Diffusion Model for Conflict Tasks
PAM

Piecewise Attention Model
DDM

7 Parameter Drift Diffusion Model