rms

rms Methods and Generic Functions

This is a series of special transformation functions (asis, pol, lsp, rcs, catg, scored, strat, matrx), fitting functions (e.g., lrm,cph, psm, or ols), and generic analysis functions (anova.rms, summary.rms, Predict, plot.Predict, ggplot.Predict, survplot, fastbw, validate, calibrate, specs.rms, which.influence, latexrms, nomogram, datadist, gendata) that help automate many analysis steps, e.g. fitting restricted interactions and multiple stratification variables, analysis of variance (with tests of linearity of each factor and pooled tests), plotting effects of variables in the model, estimating and graphing effects of variables that appear non-linearly in the model using e.g. inter-quartile-range hazard ratios, bootstrapping model fits, and constructing nomograms for obtaining predictions manually. Behind the scene is the Design function, called by a modified version of model.frame.default to store extra attributes. Design() is not intended to be called by users. Design causes detailed design attributes and descriptions of the distribution of predictors to be stored in an attribute of the terms component called Design. In addition to model.frame.default being replaced by a modified version, [. and [.factor are replaced by versions which carry along the label attribute of a variable. In this way, when an na.action function is called to subset out NAs, labels are still defined for variables in the model.

Usage

Design(mf, allow.offset=TRUE, intercept=1)
# not to be called by the user; called by fitting routines
# dist <- datadist(x1,x2,sex,age,race,bp)   
# or dist <- datadist(my.data.frame)
# Can omit call to datadist if not using summary.rms, Predict,
# survplot.rms, or if all variable settings are given to them
# options(datadist="dist")
# f <- fitting.function(formula = y ~ rcs(x1,4) + rcs(x2,5) + x1%ia%x2 +
#                       rcs(x1,4)%ia%rcs(x2,5) +
#                       strat(sex)*age + strat(race)*bp)
# See rms.trans for rcs, strat, etc.
# %ia% is restricted interaction - not doubly nonlinear
# for x1 by x2 this uses the simple product only, but pools x1*x2
# effect with nonlinear function for overall tests
# specs(f)
# anova(f)
# summary(f)
# fastbw(f)
# pred <- predict(f, newdata=expand.grid(x1=1:10,x2=3,sex="male",
#                 age=50,race="black"))
# pred <- predict(f, newdata=gendata(f, x1=1:10, x2=3, sex="male"))
# This leaves unspecified variables set to reference values from datadist
# pred.combos <- gendata(f, nobs=10)   # Use X-windows to edit predictor settings
# predict(f, newdata=pred.combos)
# plot(Predict(f, x1))  # or ggplot(...)
# latex(f)
# nomogram(f)

See Also

rms.trans, rmsMisc, cph, lrm, ols, specs.rms, anova.rms, summary.rms, Predict, gendata, fastbw, predictrms. validate, calibrate, which.influence, latex, latexrms, model.frame.default, datadist, describe, nomogram, vif, dataRep

Aliases

• rms
• Design

Examples

# NOT RUN {
require(rms)
dist <- datadist(data=2)     # can omit if not using summary, (gg)plot, survplot,
                             # or if specify all variable values to them. Can
                             # also  defer.  data=2: get distribution summaries
                             # for all variables in search position 2
                             # run datadist once, for all candidate variables
dist <- datadist(age,race,bp,sex,height)   # alternative
options(datadist="dist")
f <- cph(Surv(d.time, death) ~ rcs(age,4)*strat(race) +
         bp*strat(sex)+lsp(height,60),x=TRUE,y=TRUE)
anova(f)
anova(f,age,height)          # Joint test of 2 vars
fastbw(f)
summary(f, sex="female")     # Adjust sex to "female" when testing
                             # interacting factor bp
bplot(Predict(f, age, height))   # 3-D plot
ggplot(Predict(f, age=10:70, height=60))
latex(f)                     # LaTeX representation of fit


f <- lm(y ~ x)               # Can use with any fitting function that
                             # calls model.frame.default, e.g. lm, glm
specs.rms(f)                 # Use .rms since class(f)="lm"
anova(f)                     # Works since Varcov(f) (=Varcov.lm(f)) works
fastbw(f)
options(datadist=NULL)
f <- ols(y ~ x1*x2)          # Saves enough information to do fastbw, anova
anova(f)                     # Will not do Predict since distributions
fastbw(f)                    # of predictors not saved
plot(f, x1=seq(100,300,by=.5), x2=.5) 
                             # all values defined - don't need datadist
dist <- datadist(x1,x2)      # Equivalent to datadist(f)
options(datadist="dist")
plot(f, x1, x2=.5)        # Now you can do plot, summary
plot(nomogram(f, interact=list(x2=c(.2,.7))))
# }