scatterplot3d

3D Scatter Plot

Plots a three dimensional (3D) point cloud.

Usage

scatterplot3d(x, y=NULL, z=NULL, color=par("col"), pch=par("pch"),
    main=NULL, sub=NULL, xlim=NULL, ylim=NULL, zlim=NULL,
    xlab=NULL, ylab=NULL, zlab=NULL, scale.y=1, angle=40,
    axis=TRUE, tick.marks=TRUE, label.tick.marks=TRUE,
    x.ticklabs=NULL, y.ticklabs=NULL, z.ticklabs=NULL,
    y.margin.add=0, grid=TRUE, box=TRUE, lab=par("lab"),
    lab.z=mean(lab[1:2]), type="p", highlight.3d=FALSE,
    mar=c(5,3,4,3)+0.1, bg=par("bg"), col.axis=par("col.axis"),
    col.grid="grey", col.lab=par("col.lab"), 
    cex.symbols=par("cex"), cex.axis=0.8 * par("cex.axis"),
    cex.lab=par("cex.lab"), font.axis=par("font.axis"),
    font.lab=par("font.lab"), lty.axis=par("lty"),
    lty.grid=par("lty"), lty.hide=NULL, lty.hplot=par("lty"),
    log="", asp=NA, ...)

Note

Some graphical parameters should only be set as arguments in scatterplot3d but not in a previous par() call. One of these is mar, which is also non-standard in another way: Users who want to extend an existing scatterplot3d graphic with another function than points3d, plane3d or box3d, should consider to set par(mar = c(b, l, t, r)) to the value of mar used in scatterplot3d, which defaults to c(5, 3, 4, 3) + 0.1.

Other par arguments may be split into several arguments in scatterplot3d, e.g., for specifying the line type. And finally some of par arguments do not apply here, e.g., many of those for axis calculation. So we recommend to try the specification of graphical parameters at first as arguments in scatterplot3d and only if needed as arguments in previous par() call.

If asp is a finite positive value then the window is set up so that one data unit in the x or y direction (the one that ist plotted horizontally - depends on angle -) is equal in length to asp \(\times\) one data unit in the z direction. The variation of asp is only reasonable if the default values x.ticklabs=NULL, y.ticklabs=NULL, z.ticklabs=NULL are not changed.

References

Ligges, U., and Maechler, M. (2003): Scatterplot3d -- an R Package for Visualizing Multivariate Data. Journal of Statistical Software 8(11), 1--20. http://www.jstatsoft.org/

See Also

persp, plot, par.

Aliases

• scatterplot3d

Examples

# NOT RUN {
  ## On some devices not all colors can be displayed.
  ## Try the postscript device or use highlight.3d = FALSE.

  ## example 1
  z <- seq(-10, 10, 0.01)
  x <- cos(z)
  y <- sin(z)
  scatterplot3d(x, y, z, highlight.3d=TRUE, col.axis="blue",
      col.grid="lightblue", main="scatterplot3d - 1", pch=20)

  ## example 2
  temp <- seq(-pi, 0, length = 50)
  x <- c(rep(1, 50) %*% t(cos(temp)))
  y <- c(cos(temp) %*% t(sin(temp)))
  z <- c(sin(temp) %*% t(sin(temp)))
  scatterplot3d(x, y, z, highlight.3d=TRUE,
      col.axis="blue", col.grid="lightblue",
      main="scatterplot3d - 2", pch=20)

  ## example 3
  temp <- seq(-pi, 0, length = 50)
  x <- c(rep(1, 50) %*% t(cos(temp)))
  y <- c(cos(temp) %*% t(sin(temp)))
  z <- 10 * c(sin(temp) %*% t(sin(temp)))
  color <- rep("green", length(x))
  temp <- seq(-10, 10, 0.01)
  x <- c(x, cos(temp))
  y <- c(y, sin(temp))
  z <- c(z, temp)
  color <- c(color, rep("red", length(temp)))
  scatterplot3d(x, y, z, color, pch=20, zlim=c(-2, 10),
      main="scatterplot3d - 3")

  ## example 4
  my.mat <- matrix(runif(25), nrow=5)
  dimnames(my.mat) <- list(LETTERS[1:5], letters[11:15])
  my.mat # the matrix we want to plot ...

  s3d.dat <- data.frame(cols=as.vector(col(my.mat)),
      rows=as.vector(row(my.mat)),
      value=as.vector(my.mat))
  scatterplot3d(s3d.dat, type="h", lwd=5, pch=" ",
      x.ticklabs=colnames(my.mat), y.ticklabs=rownames(my.mat),
      color=grey(25:1/40), main="scatterplot3d - 4")

  ## example 5
  data(trees)
  s3d <- scatterplot3d(trees, type="h", highlight.3d=TRUE,
      angle=55, scale.y=0.7, pch=16, main="scatterplot3d - 5")
  # Now adding some points to the "scatterplot3d"
  s3d$points3d(seq(10,20,2), seq(85,60,-5), seq(60,10,-10),
      col="blue", type="h", pch=16)
  # Now adding a regression plane to the "scatterplot3d"
  attach(trees)
  my.lm <- lm(Volume ~ Girth + Height)
  s3d$plane3d(my.lm, lty.box = "solid")
  
  ## example 6; by Martin Maechler
  cubedraw <- function(res3d, min = 0, max = 255, cex = 2, text. = FALSE)
  {
    ## Purpose: Draw nice cube with corners
    cube01 <- rbind(c(0,0,1), 0, c(1,0,0), c(1,1,0), 1, c(0,1,1), # < 6 outer
                    c(1,0,1), c(0,1,0)) # <- "inner": fore- & back-ground
    cub <- min + (max-min)* cube01
    ## visibile corners + lines:
    res3d$points3d(cub[c(1:6,1,7,3,7,5) ,], cex = cex, type = 'b', lty = 1)
    ## hidden corner + lines
    res3d$points3d(cub[c(2,8,4,8,6),     ], cex = cex, type = 'b', lty = 3)
    if(text.)## debug
        text(res3d$xyz.convert(cub), labels=1:nrow(cub), col='tomato', cex=2)
  }
  ## 6 a) The named colors in R, i.e. colors()
  cc <- colors()
  crgb <- t(col2rgb(cc))
  par(xpd = TRUE)
  rr <- scatterplot3d(crgb, color = cc, box = FALSE, angle = 24,
      xlim = c(-50, 300), ylim = c(-50, 300), zlim = c(-50, 300))
  cubedraw(rr)
  ## 6 b) The rainbow colors from rainbow(201)
  rbc <- rainbow(201)
  Rrb <- t(col2rgb(rbc))
  rR <- scatterplot3d(Rrb, color = rbc, box = FALSE, angle = 24,
      xlim = c(-50, 300), ylim = c(-50, 300), zlim = c(-50, 300))
  cubedraw(rR)
  rR$points3d(Rrb, col = rbc, pch = 16)
# }