sort_sequences

Sort sequences in a sequence object

Designed for estimating variants of hidden (latent) Markov models
(HMMs), mixture HMMs, and non-homogeneous HMMs (NHMMs) for social sequence
data and other categorical time series. Special cases include
feedback-augmented NHMMs, Markov models without latent layer, mixture
Markov models, and latent class models. The package supports models for one
or multiple subjects with one or multiple parallel sequences (channels).
External covariates can be added to explain cluster membership in mixture
models as well as initial, transition and emission probabilities in NHMMs.
The package provides functions for evaluating and comparing models, as well
as functions for visualizing of multichannel sequence data and HMMs. For
NHMMs, methods for computing average causal effects and marginal state and
emission probabilities are available. Models are estimated using maximum
likelihood via the EM algorithm or direct numerical maximization with
analytical gradients. Documentation is available via several vignettes,
and Helske and Helske (2019, <doi:10.18637/jss.v088.i03>). For methodology
behind the NHMMs, see Helske (2025, <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2503.16014>).

Jouni Helske

seqHMM

Mixture Hidden Markov Models for Social Sequence Data and Other
Multivariate, Multichannel Categorical Time Series

Satu Helske

sort_sequences function

<dl><dt>x</dt>
<dd>An <code>stslist</code> object or a list of of such objects of same size,
typically created with <code>TraMineR::seqdef()</code> or <code>data_to_stslist()</code>.</dd>
<dt>sort_by</dt>
<dd>A character string specifying the sorting criterion. Options
are <code>"none"</code> (no sorting), <code>"start"</code> (sort by the first state), <code>"end"</code> (sort by
last state), and <code>"mds"</code> (sort by the multidimensional scaling).</dd>
<dt>sort_channel</dt>
<dd>An integer or character string specifying the channel to
sort by (unless <code>sort_by = "mds</code> in which case all channels are used for
defining the sorting).</dd>
<dt>dist_method</dt>
<dd>A character string specifying the distance method to use
when sorting by the multidimensional scaling. Passed to
<code>TraMineR::seqdist()</code>, or <code>TraMineR::seqMD()</code> in the multichannel case.</dd></dl>

Arguments

Sort sequences in a sequence object — sort_sequences

<dl>

<dt>x</dt>
<dd>An <code>stslist</code> object or a list of of such objects of same size,
typically created with <code>TraMineR::seqdef()</code> or <code>data_to_stslist()</code>.</dd>


<dt>sort_by</dt>
<dd>A character string specifying the sorting criterion. Options
are <code>"none"</code> (no sorting), <code>"start"</code> (sort by the first state), <code>"end"</code> (sort by
last state), and <code>"mds"</code> (sort by the multidimensional scaling).</dd>


<dt>sort_channel</dt>
<dd>An integer or character string specifying the channel to
sort by (unless <code>sort_by = "mds</code> in which case all channels are used for
defining the sorting).</dd>


<dt>dist_method</dt>
<dd>A character string specifying the distance method to use
when sorting by the multidimensional scaling. Passed to
<code>TraMineR::seqdist()</code>, or <code>TraMineR::seqMD()</code> in the multichannel case.</dd>

</dl>

sort_sequences: Sort sequences in a sequence object

Description

Usage

Arguments