spEDM (version 1.9)

multiview: multiview embedding forecast

Description

multiview embedding forecast

Usage

# S4 method for sf
multiview(
  data,
  column,
  target,
  nvar,
  E = 3,
  k = E + 2,
  tau = 1,
  style = 1,
  stack = FALSE,
  lib = NULL,
  pred = NULL,
  dist.metric = "L2",
  dist.average = TRUE,
  top = NULL,
  threads = detectThreads(),
  detrend = TRUE,
  nb = NULL
)
# S4 method for SpatRaster
multiview(
  data,
  column,
  target,
  nvar,
  E = 3,
  k = E + 2,
  tau = 1,
  style = 1,
  stack = FALSE,
  lib = NULL,
  pred = NULL,
  dist.metric = "L2",
  dist.average = TRUE,
  top = NULL,
  threads = detectThreads(),
  detrend = TRUE,
  grid.coord = TRUE
)

Value

A vector (when input is sf object) or matrix

Arguments

data

observation data.

column

name of library variable.

target

name of target variable.

nvar

number of variable combinations.

E

(optional) embedding dimensions.

k

(optional) number of nearest neighbors used.

tau

(optional) step of spatial lags.

style

(optional) embedding style (0 includes current state, 1 excludes it).

stack

(optional) whether to stack embeddings.

lib

(optional) libraries indices (input needed: vector - spatial vector, matrix - spatial raster).

pred

(optional) predictions indices (input requirement same as lib).

dist.metric

(optional) distance metric (L1: Manhattan, L2: Euclidean).

dist.average

(optional) whether to average distance.

top

(optional) number of reconstructions used in MVE forecast.

threads

(optional) number of threads to use.

detrend

(optional) whether to remove the linear trend.

nb

(optional) neighbours list.

grid.coord

(optional) whether to detrend using cell center coordinates (TRUE) or row/column numbers (FALSE).

References

Ye H., and G. Sugihara, 2016. Information leverage in interconnected ecosystems: Overcoming the curse of dimensionality. Science 353:922-925.

Examples

columbus = sf::read_sf(system.file("case/columbus.gpkg",package="spEDM"))
# \donttest{
multiview(columbus,
          column = c("inc","crime","open","plumb","discbd"),
          target = "hoval", nvar = 3)
# }